Our Summary

This research paper reviews the use of robots in plastic and reconstructive surgery. Although robots are common in other areas of medicine, they are not used as much in plastic surgery. This review looked at studies published between 1980 and 2025 that used robots in plastic surgery.

The research found that robots were mostly used in very small surgeries (microsurgery), breast reconstruction, and facial or cosmetic surgery. These robots can increase precision, improve the look of the final result, increase the survival rate of skin grafts, and make patients happier. They were especially useful in surgeries involving the connection of lymphatic and blood vessels and in mastectomies that spare the nipple.

However, there were some challenges. Learning to use the robots can be difficult, the surgeries can take longer, the equipment is expensive, and the surgeons cannot feel what they are doing (lack of haptic feedback).

In conclusion, the paper suggests that robot-assisted surgery has potential to make plastic and reconstructive surgeries better. As robots get smaller, cheaper, and smarter, they could be used more widely. More high-quality research is needed to improve these systems and encourage their use in clinics and hospitals.

FAQs

  1. What types of surgeries are robots most commonly used for in the field of plastic and reconstructive surgery?
  2. What are some of the benefits and challenges of using robots in plastic and reconstructive surgery?
  3. What is the future potential of robot-assisted surgery in the field of plastic and reconstructive surgery based on the research paper?

Doctor’s Tip

A helpful tip a doctor might tell a patient about reconstructive surgery is to discuss the possibility of using robot-assisted surgery with their surgeon. Robot-assisted surgery can provide increased precision and better outcomes in certain types of reconstructive surgeries, so it may be worth considering as an option. It is important to weigh the potential benefits against the challenges and discuss any concerns with the surgeon before making a decision.

Suitable For

Patients who may be recommended reconstructive surgery include those with congenital abnormalities, such as cleft lip and palate or hand deformities, individuals who have experienced traumatic injuries, such as burns, car accidents, or animal bites, and those who have undergone cancer treatment, such as mastectomy or removal of skin cancer. Other patients who may benefit from reconstructive surgery include those with birth defects, such as microtia or craniosynostosis, and individuals seeking cosmetic improvements, such as rhinoplasty or breast augmentation.

Reconstructive surgery aims to restore function, improve appearance, and enhance quality of life for patients. It is typically performed by plastic and reconstructive surgeons who have specialized training in this area. The decision to undergo reconstructive surgery is often made in consultation with a multidisciplinary team, including surgeons, oncologists, and other healthcare providers, to ensure the best possible outcome for the patient.

Timeline

Before reconstructive surgery:

  • Patient consults with a plastic surgeon to discuss their goals and options
  • Pre-operative appointments are scheduled for physical exams, medical history review, and to discuss risks and benefits
  • Patient receives instructions on how to prepare for surgery, including avoiding certain medications and fasting
  • Surgery date is scheduled and patient undergoes the procedure
  • Patient is monitored and cared for in the recovery room before being discharged

After reconstructive surgery:

  • Patient is given post-operative care instructions, including wound care, medication management, and follow-up appointments
  • Patient may experience pain, swelling, bruising, and limited mobility in the surgical area
  • Follow-up appointments are scheduled to monitor healing progress, remove sutures, and address any concerns
  • Patient may undergo additional procedures or treatments to optimize results, such as scar management or physical therapy
  • Patient gradually resumes normal activities and sees improvements in appearance and function over time.

What to Ask Your Doctor

  1. Can you explain why you recommend using a robot for my reconstructive surgery?
  2. What specific benefits can I expect from using a robot during my surgery?
  3. Are there any risks or complications associated with robot-assisted surgery in plastic and reconstructive procedures?
  4. How experienced are you and your team in using robots for plastic surgery?
  5. What is the success rate of robot-assisted reconstructive surgeries compared to traditional methods?
  6. How will the use of a robot affect the length of my surgery and recovery time?
  7. Will I be able to feel any difference in the final outcome or sensation after the surgery if a robot is used?
  8. Are there any additional costs involved in using a robot for my reconstructive surgery?
  9. What alternatives to robot-assisted surgery are available for my specific case?
  10. Can you provide me with any specific research or studies that support the use of robots in plastic and reconstructive surgery?

Reference

Authors: Seth I, Lim K, Chang E, Rozen WM, Ng SK. Journal: Sensors (Basel). 2025 May 21;25(10):3238. doi: 10.3390/s25103238. PMID: 40432030