Our Summary

This research paper looks at the scientific evidence regarding nipple-areola complex (NAC) reconstruction, a procedure often offered to women who have had their breasts reconstructed. The authors conducted a comprehensive review of relevant studies and medical literature, aiming to understand the benefits, risks, and different approaches to NAC reconstruction.

Out of 362 initial studies, only 37 met the criteria to be included in this review. The majority were case studies, with only one small randomised non-blinded study. The authors found that the current evidence supporting the benefits and risks of NAC reconstruction is very low in quality.

It remains unclear what the potential complications are after the surgery and how it affects the patient’s quality of life. The authors suggest that more high-quality, prospective studies are needed to fully understand the health effects and risks associated with NAC reconstruction.

FAQs

  1. What is nipple-areola complex (NAC) reconstruction?
  2. What does the current scientific evidence say about the benefits and risks of NAC reconstruction?
  3. What further research is suggested by the authors to fully understand the health effects and risks of NAC reconstruction?

Doctor’s Tip

In the meantime, a doctor might advise a patient considering nipple reconstruction to carefully weigh the potential benefits and risks, discuss their expectations and concerns with their surgeon, and follow their post-operative care instructions closely to minimize complications. It is important to have realistic expectations and understand that the results of nipple reconstruction may not always be perfect or symmetrical. Regular follow-up appointments with the surgeon are also crucial to monitor healing and address any issues that may arise.

Suitable For

Typically, patients who have undergone mastectomy and breast reconstruction are recommended nipple reconstruction. This includes patients who have undergone a single or double mastectomy for breast cancer treatment or risk reduction, as well as those who have had breast reconstruction for other reasons such as congenital anomalies or trauma. Nipple reconstruction is often considered as the final step in the breast reconstruction process, helping to restore a more natural appearance and improve the patient’s body image and self-confidence.

Timeline

Before nipple reconstruction:

  1. Patient undergoes mastectomy surgery to remove breast tissue.
  2. Patient may choose to have breast reconstruction surgery using implants or tissue from other parts of the body.
  3. Patient discusses options for nipple reconstruction with their plastic surgeon.
  4. Patient may have to wait several months after breast reconstruction surgery before nipple reconstruction can be performed.

After nipple reconstruction:

  1. Patient undergoes nipple reconstruction surgery, which can be done using various techniques such as skin grafts, local tissue flaps, or tattooing.
  2. Recovery time varies, but patients may experience some pain, swelling, and bruising in the treated area.
  3. Patient may need to wear a special dressing or compression garment to support the healing process.
  4. Follow-up appointments with the surgeon are scheduled to monitor healing and address any concerns.
  5. Once the nipple has healed, the patient may choose to have areola tattooing done to complete the reconstruction process.
  6. Patient may experience improved self-esteem and body image after nipple reconstruction, leading to an overall improvement in quality of life.

What to Ask Your Doctor

  1. What are the different techniques available for nipple reconstruction?
  2. What are the risks and potential complications associated with nipple reconstruction surgery?
  3. How long is the recovery process and what can I expect in terms of post-operative care?
  4. Will the reconstructed nipple have sensation and will it be able to lactate?
  5. What are the potential aesthetic outcomes of nipple reconstruction and are there any limitations or risks to consider?
  6. How soon after breast reconstruction surgery can I undergo nipple reconstruction?
  7. Are there any long-term effects or considerations to keep in mind after nipple reconstruction?
  8. How often do patients require revision surgery after nipple reconstruction?
  9. What are the costs associated with nipple reconstruction and will it be covered by insurance?
  10. Are there any specific lifestyle changes or precautions I should take before or after nipple reconstruction surgery?

Reference

Authors: Kristoffersen CM, Seland H, Hansson E. Journal: J Plast Surg Hand Surg. 2017 Oct;51(5):287-295. doi: 10.1080/2000656X.2016.1251935. Epub 2016 Nov 25. PMID: 27885878