Our Summary

In simple terms, this research paper explores the potential use of thermo-acoustic ultrasound (TAUS) to improve the accuracy of lumpectomies, which are surgeries to remove cancerous tumors from the breast. Currently, about one in four lumpectomies do not fully remove the cancer, often necessitating further surgery. This suggests that the current methods used to guide the surgeon may not be sufficient.

The researchers propose using TAUS to help surgeons better locate the exact position of the cancer during the operation. They suggest that this technique could provide a continuous, real-time view of the tumor’s location without needing to interrupt the procedure. TAUS works by sending microwave signals into the breast. These signals are absorbed more by metallic markers placed at the tumor site, which then generate acoustic signals. By detecting these signals, the location of the marker (and thus the tumor) can be determined.

Their initial tests, which involved simulations and experiments on a bench-top setup, showed promising results. The geometry of the marker significantly affected the absorption of microwaves and the resulting acoustic signals, highlighting the need for further research and development. However, the researchers concluded that TAUS does seem feasible for this application and could potentially lead to improved outcomes for lumpectomy patients.

FAQs

  1. What is thermo-acoustic ultrasound (TAUS) and how can it improve lumpectomies?
  2. How does TAUS work in locating the exact position of the cancer during a lumpectomy?
  3. What were the results of the initial tests conducted by the researchers using TAUS?

Doctor’s Tip

A doctor might tell a patient undergoing a lumpectomy that using thermo-acoustic ultrasound (TAUS) during the surgery can help improve the accuracy of tumor removal. This technology provides real-time information about the tumor’s location, potentially reducing the need for additional surgeries. It is important for patients to discuss this option with their surgeon to determine if TAUS is appropriate for their procedure.

Suitable For

Patients who are typically recommended for lumpectomy are those with early-stage breast cancer, where the tumor is small and localized. Lumpectomy is often recommended for patients who have a single tumor that is less than five centimeters in size and has not spread to the surrounding lymph nodes. Additionally, lumpectomy may be recommended for patients who have a tumor that is located in a favorable position within the breast, making it possible to remove the tumor while preserving the breast shape and size.

It is important to note that the decision to undergo lumpectomy is based on a variety of factors, including the size and location of the tumor, the stage of the cancer, the patient’s overall health, and their personal preferences. Patients should discuss their treatment options with their healthcare provider to determine the best course of action for their specific situation.

Timeline

Before lumpectomy:

  1. Patient undergoes a mammogram or ultrasound to detect the presence of a tumor in the breast.
  2. Biopsy is performed to confirm the presence of cancerous cells.
  3. Treatment options are discussed with the patient, including lumpectomy as a potential surgical option.
  4. Pre-operative tests and evaluations are conducted to ensure the patient is a suitable candidate for surgery.

After lumpectomy:

  1. Patient undergoes the lumpectomy procedure to remove the cancerous tumor from the breast.
  2. Pathology report is obtained to determine if the tumor was completely removed during the surgery.
  3. If necessary, additional treatments such as radiation therapy or chemotherapy may be recommended.
  4. Patient undergoes post-operative care and follow-up appointments to monitor their recovery and ensure the success of the surgery.

What to Ask Your Doctor

  1. How does TAUS work and how does it help improve the accuracy of lumpectomies?
  2. What are the potential benefits of using TAUS during a lumpectomy procedure?
  3. Are there any risks or limitations associated with using TAUS for guiding lumpectomies?
  4. How does TAUS compare to other imaging techniques currently used in lumpectomy procedures?
  5. What is the success rate of lumpectomies when TAUS is used compared to when it is not used?
  6. Will the use of TAUS increase the length of the surgery or recovery time for the patient?
  7. Are there any additional costs associated with using TAUS during a lumpectomy procedure?
  8. How widely available is TAUS technology for lumpectomy procedures?
  9. Are there any specific criteria or conditions that would make a patient ineligible for TAUS-guided lumpectomy?
  10. Are there any ongoing clinical trials or research studies investigating the use of TAUS for lumpectomies that I should be aware of?

Reference

Authors: Dixit N, Daniel BL, Hargreaves BA, Pauly JM, Scott GC. Journal: Med Phys. 2021 Oct;48(10):6069-6079. doi: 10.1002/mp.15115. Epub 2021 Aug 3. PMID: 34287972