Our Summary

This research paper discusses the effectiveness of certain surgical procedures in creating a more feminine appearance in transgender patients. It suggests that operations on the midface, upper face, skull, and potentially the lower jaw, can provide permanent and successful results for feminization. The paper acknowledges that these surgeries are more complex than others, but they should still be considered for some patients. Furthermore, additional cosmetic improvements can be made separately and are not restricted by having had these surgeries. The study concludes that with careful planning, these surgeries are safe, produce predictable results, and help patients maintain a feminine appearance as they age.

FAQs

  1. Which specific surgical procedures are suggested for creating a more feminine appearance in transgender patients?
  2. How can cosmetic improvements be made separately after craniofacial surgeries?
  3. What considerations are necessary to ensure the safety and predictability of feminizing craniofacial surgeries?

Doctor’s Tip

A doctor might advise a patient considering craniofacial surgery to carefully research and choose a highly experienced and skilled surgeon who specializes in this specific type of procedure. It is important for the patient to have realistic expectations about the potential outcomes and recovery process, and to follow all pre and post-operative instructions provided by the surgeon. Additionally, the doctor may recommend seeking counseling or support from mental health professionals to ensure the patient is emotionally prepared for the surgery and its potential impact on their self-image.

Suitable For

Patients who may be recommended for craniofacial surgery include those with congenital craniofacial anomalies such as cleft lip and palate, craniosynostosis, or other craniofacial deformities. Additionally, patients with facial trauma or injuries that have resulted in facial asymmetry or disfigurement may also benefit from craniofacial surgery. Patients with craniofacial tumors or other medical conditions affecting the structure or function of the face may also be recommended for craniofacial surgery. Additionally, transgender patients seeking facial feminization surgery may also be candidates for craniofacial procedures to help achieve a more feminine appearance.

Timeline

Before craniofacial surgery:

  1. Consultation with a craniofacial surgeon to discuss the patient’s goals and expectations.
  2. Pre-operative assessments and tests to ensure the patient is a suitable candidate for surgery.
  3. Planning and preparation for the surgery, including discussions about potential risks and complications.
  4. The surgery itself, which may involve procedures on the midface, upper face, skull, and potentially the lower jaw.

After craniofacial surgery:

  1. Post-operative care, including monitoring for complications and managing pain and swelling.
  2. Follow-up appointments with the surgeon to assess healing and address any concerns.
  3. Physical therapy and rehabilitation to help the patient regain function and mobility in the affected areas.
  4. Ongoing maintenance and cosmetic treatments, if desired, to enhance the results of the surgery and maintain a feminine appearance as the patient ages.

What to Ask Your Doctor

  1. What specific craniofacial surgeries do you recommend for achieving a more feminine appearance in transgender patients?
  2. What are the potential risks and complications associated with these surgeries?
  3. What is the recovery process like for craniofacial surgery?
  4. How long will it take to see the final results of the surgery?
  5. Are there any alternative treatment options to achieve similar results?
  6. How many procedures do you typically perform for transgender patients seeking feminization?
  7. What qualifications and experience do you have in performing craniofacial surgeries for transgender patients?
  8. Can you provide before and after photos of previous patients who have undergone similar surgeries?
  9. What are the long-term effects of craniofacial surgery for transgender patients?
  10. What kind of follow-up care and monitoring will be needed after the surgery?

Reference

Authors: Lundgren KC, Koudstaal MJ. Journal: Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am. 2019 May;27(2):221-226. doi: 10.1016/j.fsc.2018.12.004. Epub 2019 Mar 2. PMID: 30940387