Our Summary

This research paper discusses the growing concerns around the risks of complications and the need for additional surgeries after people go abroad for cosmetic surgery. Cosmetic surgery tourism is a large and growing industry, but recent studies and investigations into deaths during these surgeries have provided new evidence of the dangers of these procedures. The article reviews this evidence and identifies a significant need for concern about the safety of cosmetic surgery tourism. It also highlights the lack of regulation and legal liability that might prevent substandard practices. The paper suggests that providing well-written information about the risks involved could help people make better decisions before going overseas for cosmetic surgery. This is an area that professional medical groups and health advocacy organizations should pay more attention to.

FAQs

  1. What are the risks associated with cosmetic surgery tourism?
  2. Is there any regulation or legal liability in place to prevent poor practices in cosmetic surgery tourism?
  3. How can professional medical groups and health advocacy organizations contribute to improving the safety of cosmetic surgery tourism?

Doctor’s Tip

A doctor might tell a patient considering cosmetic surgery to thoroughly research the credentials and experience of the surgeon they choose. It is important to ensure the surgeon is board-certified and has a good reputation. Additionally, the doctor may advise the patient to have realistic expectations about the outcome of the surgery and to understand the potential risks and complications involved. It is crucial for patients to communicate openly with their surgeon about their goals and concerns to ensure a successful and safe procedure.

Suitable For

Patients who are typically recommended cosmetic surgery are those who have realistic expectations, good overall health, and a positive outlook. They should be non-smokers and have a stable weight. Common procedures include breast augmentation, liposuction, rhinoplasty, facelifts, and eyelid surgery. Patients who are seeking cosmetic surgery for psychological reasons, such as body dysmorphic disorder, may not be good candidates for the procedure. It is important for patients to have a thorough consultation with a board-certified plastic surgeon to discuss their goals and expectations before undergoing any cosmetic surgery.

Timeline

Before cosmetic surgery:

  1. Patient decides to undergo cosmetic surgery to improve their appearance or address a specific concern.
  2. Patient researches various cosmetic surgery options, consults with a surgeon, and selects a procedure.
  3. Patient schedules the surgery, prepares mentally and physically for the procedure, and follows pre-operative instructions from the surgeon.

During cosmetic surgery:

  1. Patient undergoes the cosmetic surgery procedure under anesthesia.
  2. Surgeon performs the procedure according to the patient’s desired outcome.

After cosmetic surgery:

  1. Patient wakes up from anesthesia and begins the recovery process.
  2. Patient experiences pain, swelling, bruising, and discomfort as the body heals.
  3. Patient follows post-operative care instructions, takes prescribed medications, and attends follow-up appointments with the surgeon.
  4. Patient gradually sees the results of the cosmetic surgery as swelling goes down and incisions heal.
  5. Patient may experience emotional ups and downs as they adjust to their new appearance.
  6. Patient enjoys the benefits of the cosmetic surgery, such as improved self-confidence and satisfaction with their appearance.

What to Ask Your Doctor

  1. What are the potential risks and complications associated with the specific cosmetic surgery procedure I am considering?
  2. What qualifications and experience do you have in performing this particular cosmetic surgery?
  3. What is the success rate of this procedure and what is the likelihood of needing additional surgeries or revisions?
  4. What type of anesthesia will be used during the procedure and what are the potential side effects or risks?
  5. What is the recovery process like and what can I expect in terms of pain, swelling, and scarring?
  6. How long will the results of the surgery last and are there any long-term risks or complications to be aware of?
  7. Can you provide before and after photos of previous patients who have undergone the same procedure?
  8. What is the cost of the surgery and are there any additional fees or expenses to consider?
  9. Are there any alternative treatment options or less invasive procedures that could achieve similar results?
  10. What post-operative care and follow-up appointments will be necessary for optimal results and recovery?

Reference

Authors: Jobson D, Freckelton I. Journal: J Law Med. 2022 Jun;29(2):406-420. PMID: 35819381