Our Summary

This research paper is a review of studies conducted over the past 26 years on canine cryptorchidism, a condition in which one or both of a dog’s testes do not descend. Although many of these studies have focused on the genetic and molecular causes of this condition, the specific mechanisms causing this issue in dogs are still not fully understood. More research is needed using advanced genetic and molecular techniques and involving a larger number of dogs from different breeds to gain a clearer understanding of this condition.

The paper also notes that there has not been much focus on the diagnosis and treatment of cryptorchidism in dogs. However, some advancements have been made in these areas. For example, there has been research into using ultrasound and a specific hormone test to diagnose the condition. In terms of treatment, a procedure called laparoscopic-assisted cryptorchidectomy, which is a minimally invasive surgery to remove the undescended testes, appears to be the best method. However, more research is needed to compare this method with traditional surgical approaches to conclusively determine the best treatment for cryptorchidism in dogs.

FAQs

  1. What is cryptorchidism in dogs and how is it currently understood?
  2. What advancements have been made in the diagnosis and treatment of canine cryptorchidism?
  3. What is laparoscopic-assisted cryptorchidectomy and why it is considered the best method for the removal of abdominal cryptorchid testes in dogs?

Doctor’s Tip

A doctor might tell a patient undergoing undescended testicle surgery that the laparoscopic-assisted cryptorchidectomy method appears to be the best option for removing abdominal cryptorchid testes in dogs. This minimally invasive technique may result in less pain and a quicker recovery time compared to traditional approaches. It is important for the patient to follow post-operative care instructions closely to ensure a successful outcome.

Suitable For

Patients who are typically recommended undescended testicle surgery are those with cryptorchidism, a condition in which one or both testicles fail to descend into the scrotum. This condition is commonly seen in dogs, and surgery is recommended to prevent potential complications such as testicular torsion, infertility, and an increased risk of testicular cancer. Surgery is usually recommended for cryptorchid dogs at around 6-12 months of age, as early intervention can help prevent long-term health issues.

Timeline

Before undescended testicle surgery:

  1. Diagnosis: The patient is typically diagnosed with an undescended testicle during a routine physical examination or through imaging tests such as ultrasound.
  2. Monitoring: The patient may be monitored closely to assess the location of the undescended testicle and to determine the best course of action.
  3. Pre-operative preparation: The patient may undergo pre-operative tests and evaluations to ensure they are healthy enough for surgery.
  4. Consultation: The patient and their caregivers may meet with the surgeon to discuss the procedure, potential risks, and expected outcomes.

After undescended testicle surgery:

  1. Recovery: The patient will undergo a period of recovery following the surgery, which may involve pain management and monitoring for complications.
  2. Follow-up appointments: The patient will have follow-up appointments with the surgeon to assess healing and monitor for any issues.
  3. Long-term care: The patient may require long-term monitoring to ensure the success of the surgery and to address any potential complications.
  4. Improved fertility: In cases where the undescended testicle was affecting fertility, the patient may see improvements in their reproductive health following the surgery.

What to Ask Your Doctor

  1. What are the risks and benefits of undescended testicle surgery for my dog?
  2. What is the success rate of the surgery in dogs with cryptorchidism?
  3. How long is the recovery period after the surgery and what care will my dog need during this time?
  4. Are there any alternative treatment options for cryptorchidism in dogs?
  5. Will my dog still be able to reproduce after the surgery?
  6. How will the surgery affect my dog’s overall health and well-being?
  7. What signs should I watch for that may indicate complications after the surgery?
  8. How often should my dog have follow-up appointments after the surgery?
  9. Are there any specific dietary or exercise recommendations for my dog post-surgery?
  10. What are the costs associated with the surgery and are there any financial assistance options available?

Reference

Authors: Khan FA, Gartley CJ, Khanam A. Journal: Reprod Domest Anim. 2018 Dec;53(6):1263-1270. doi: 10.1111/rda.13231. Epub 2018 Jun 28. PMID: 29956390