Our Summary

Mini implants are becoming more popular in foot and ankle surgeries. These implants are designed to help maintain the function of the joints. Early experiments with a type of implant made from a material called silastic didn’t work as well as hoped. However, newer metal mini implants have shown more promise, particularly for the first joint of the big toe (known as the metatarsophalangeal or MTP joint) and the ankle joint.

In recent years, a new kind of implant made from polyvinyl alcohol has been used to treat arthritis in the MTP joint. Even severe arthritis can be treated with an implant made of a material called polylactide. This can also be used for issues with the Lisfranc joint, which is a cluster of small bones in the middle of the foot.

For serious defects of the talus (a bone in the ankle), a new type of implant called a hemiarthroplasty implant is being suggested. This article reviews the current range of mini implants and considers their potential as an alternative to fully replacing a joint or fusing it together. This is done by critically examining existing research on the topic.

FAQs

  1. What are mini implants and how are they used in foot and ankle surgeries?
  2. What materials have been used to create these mini implants and how effective have they been?
  3. What are the potential benefits of using mini implants as an alternative to fully replacing a joint or fusing it together?

Doctor’s Tip

It is important to follow your doctor’s post-operative instructions carefully to ensure proper healing and optimal outcomes. Physical therapy may be recommended to help regain strength and range of motion in the affected joint after fusion surgery. Be sure to communicate any concerns or changes in your symptoms to your healthcare provider for proper evaluation and management.

Suitable For

Patients who are typically recommended joint fusion include those with severe arthritis, deformities, or injuries that have not responded to more conservative treatments such as physical therapy, medications, or injections. Joint fusion may also be recommended for patients with certain types of fractures, instability in the joint, or failed previous joint replacement surgeries. Additionally, patients with certain conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis or severe osteoarthritis may benefit from joint fusion to improve function and reduce pain. Ultimately, the decision to recommend joint fusion is based on a thorough evaluation of each individual patient’s unique circumstances and needs.

Timeline

  • Before joint fusion:
  1. The patient experiences symptoms of joint pain, stiffness, swelling, and limited mobility.
  2. The patient may undergo conservative treatments such as physical therapy, medications, and injections to manage the symptoms.
  3. If conservative treatments are not effective, the patient may be recommended for joint fusion surgery.
  • After joint fusion:
  1. The patient undergoes joint fusion surgery, where the damaged joint is fused together using bone grafts or implants.
  2. The patient goes through a period of recovery, which may involve immobilization, physical therapy, and pain management.
  3. Over time, the joint fuses together, providing stability and reducing pain.
  4. The patient may experience improved joint function and reduced symptoms of arthritis.
  5. The patient may need to make modifications to their lifestyle and activities to accommodate the fused joint.

What to Ask Your Doctor

  1. What type of implant do you recommend for my specific joint fusion surgery?
  2. What are the potential risks and complications associated with the implant used in joint fusion surgery?
  3. How long does the recovery process typically take with the specific implant being used?
  4. What are the success rates and long-term outcomes associated with the implant used in joint fusion surgery?
  5. Are there any alternative treatments or implants that I should consider for my joint fusion surgery?
  6. How will the implant affect my mobility and function after the surgery?
  7. Will I need any additional surgeries or procedures in the future related to the implant used in joint fusion surgery?
  8. Are there any restrictions or limitations I should be aware of after the joint fusion surgery with the specific implant?
  9. What type of rehabilitation or physical therapy will be required after the joint fusion surgery with the specific implant?
  10. How experienced are you with using this specific implant for joint fusion surgeries?

Reference

Authors: Lerch M, Plaass C, Claassen L, Ettinger S. Journal: Orthopade. 2021 Feb;50(2):96-103. doi: 10.1007/s00132-020-04052-x. PMID: 33337505