Our Summary

The growth of lymphatic vessels in the cornea before and after a transplant is a major risk factor for the body rejecting the new cornea. These vessels are important because they can trigger the immune system to reject the transplant. Therefore, researchers are looking at ways to control the movement of cells in these vessels to increase the chances of a successful corneal transplant.

Several methods to stop the growth of lymphatic vessels have been tested in labs. Two promising techniques include using UV light to strengthen the cornea and using a thin heated needle to reduce the vessels. These methods have also shown potential in helping the transplant to survive in early clinical trials.

The paper reviews current strategies to control the movement of cells in lymphatic vessels, with a focus on new strategies that could be easily used in clinical practice. The researchers propose a new idea of reducing lymphatic vessels at the site of the transplant before the surgery takes place to increase the chances of a successful transplant. This could potentially be used for other types of transplants in the future.

FAQs

  1. Why is the growth of lymphatic vessels in the cornea a risk factor for transplant rejection?
  2. What methods are being tested to stop the growth of lymphatic vessels in the cornea before a transplant?
  3. What new strategies are researchers proposing to increase the chances of a successful cornea transplant?

Doctor’s Tip

In addition to following your doctor’s post-operative care instructions, it is important to attend all follow-up appointments to monitor the health of your new cornea. If you experience any sudden changes in vision, pain, redness, or swelling, contact your doctor immediately. It is also important to protect your eyes from injury and avoid rubbing or touching them to prevent complications.

Suitable For

Patients who are typically recommended for corneal transplant surgery include those with the following conditions:

  1. Keratoconus: A progressive thinning of the cornea that causes it to bulge outward, leading to vision problems.

  2. Corneal scarring: Scar tissue on the cornea from injury, infection, or previous surgeries can affect vision and may require a transplant.

  3. Fuch’s dystrophy: A condition in which cells in the inner layer of the cornea deteriorate, leading to vision problems.

  4. Corneal degeneration: Degenerative conditions that affect the cornea, such as lattice dystrophy or map-dot-fingerprint dystrophy, may require a transplant.

  5. Corneal ulcers: Severe infections or injuries to the cornea that cause damage and affect vision may require a transplant.

  6. Corneal edema: Swelling of the cornea due to fluid buildup, which can lead to vision problems and may require a transplant.

  7. Previous corneal transplant rejection: Patients who have had a previous corneal transplant that was rejected by the body may require a second transplant.

Overall, patients who have significant vision problems or corneal damage that cannot be corrected with glasses, contact lenses, or other treatments may be recommended for a corneal transplant. It is important for patients to undergo a thorough evaluation by an ophthalmologist to determine if they are a suitable candidate for the surgery.

Timeline

Before the corneal transplant:

  • Patient is diagnosed with a corneal disease or injury that cannot be treated with medication or other non-invasive methods
  • Patient undergoes a comprehensive eye examination to determine if they are a suitable candidate for a corneal transplant
  • Patient is placed on a waiting list for a donor cornea
  • Donor cornea is procured and prepared for transplant surgery
  • Patient undergoes pre-operative evaluations and tests to ensure they are healthy enough for surgery

After the corneal transplant:

  • Patient undergoes the corneal transplant surgery, where the damaged or diseased cornea is replaced with the donor cornea
  • Patient is monitored closely in the immediate post-operative period for any signs of complications or rejection
  • Patient is prescribed medications to prevent infection and rejection of the new cornea
  • Patient attends regular follow-up appointments with their ophthalmologist to monitor the healing process and ensure the success of the transplant
  • Patient may need to use eye drops or other medications for an extended period of time to maintain the health of the new cornea
  • Patient may experience improved vision and relief from symptoms of their corneal condition as the new cornea heals and integrates into the eye’s tissues.

What to Ask Your Doctor

Some questions a patient should ask their doctor about corneal transplant include:

  1. What is the success rate of corneal transplants and what factors can affect the outcome?
  2. What are the potential risks and complications associated with a corneal transplant?
  3. How long is the recovery process after a corneal transplant and what can I expect in terms of post-operative care?
  4. What medications will I need to take after the transplant and for how long?
  5. How will the growth of lymphatic vessels in the cornea affect the success of the transplant and what measures will be taken to prevent rejection?
  6. Are there any new techniques or treatments available to help control the growth of lymphatic vessels and improve the success of the transplant?
  7. How often will I need to follow up with my doctor after the transplant and what signs of rejection should I watch out for?
  8. Are there any lifestyle changes I should make to improve the chances of a successful corneal transplant?
  9. Are there any alternative treatments or options to consider before undergoing a corneal transplant?
  10. What is the expected long-term outcome of a corneal transplant and what can I do to ensure the best possible outcome?

Reference

Authors: Hou Y, Bock F, Hos D, Cursiefen C. Journal: Cells. 2021 Jul 2;10(7):1661. doi: 10.3390/cells10071661. PMID: 34359831