Our Summary

This research paper investigates the link between a procedure known as Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy (SLNB), which is used to check for breast cancer spread, and the risk of developing a condition called lymphedema, characterized by swelling in the arms or legs. The study looked at over 2900 patients who had undergone SLNB between 2013 and 2017. It was found that just 2% of these patients developed lymphedema. However, the risk increased to 3.7% for those who had more than five lymph nodes removed, as opposed to 1.4% for those who had five or fewer nodes removed. From these results, the researchers concluded that the more lymph nodes removed, the higher the risk of developing lymphedema.

FAQs

  1. What is the Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy (SLNB) procedure and why is it used?
  2. What is the link between SLNB and the risk of developing lymphedema, as found in the study?
  3. Does the number of lymph nodes removed during SLNB affect the risk of developing lymphedema?

Doctor’s Tip

A doctor may advise a patient undergoing a sentinel lymph node biopsy to discuss the potential risks and benefits of removing more lymph nodes versus fewer lymph nodes with their healthcare provider. Additionally, they may recommend taking precautions to minimize the risk of developing lymphedema, such as avoiding heavy lifting or strenuous activities with the affected limb, wearing compression garments, and practicing good skin care to prevent infection. Regular monitoring and follow-up appointments with a healthcare provider can also help detect and manage any signs of lymphedema early on.

Suitable For

Patients who are typically recommended for sentinel lymph node biopsy are those who have been diagnosed with invasive breast cancer and are undergoing surgery to remove the tumor. This procedure is commonly recommended for patients with early-stage breast cancer who have a small tumor size and no evidence of cancer spread to the lymph nodes. Additionally, patients with a higher risk of lymph node involvement based on factors such as tumor size, grade, and lymphovascular invasion may also be recommended for SLNB. It is important to note that the decision to undergo SLNB should be made on a case-by-case basis by the patient’s healthcare team.

Timeline

Before Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy:

  1. Patient is diagnosed with breast cancer and discusses treatment options with their healthcare provider.
  2. Healthcare provider recommends a Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy to check for cancer spread to the lymph nodes.
  3. Patient undergoes pre-operative testing and preparation for the procedure.
  4. Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy is performed, usually during the same surgery as the tumor removal.

After Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy:

  1. Patient is monitored for any complications or side effects from the procedure.
  2. Results from the biopsy are analyzed to determine if cancer has spread to the lymph nodes.
  3. If cancer is found in the sentinel lymph node, further treatment options such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy may be recommended.
  4. Patient may experience temporary discomfort, swelling, or numbness in the area where the lymph nodes were removed.
  5. Patient is educated on how to reduce the risk of developing lymphedema, such as avoiding injury or infection to the affected arm or leg.
  6. Patient undergoes regular follow-up appointments to monitor for any signs of lymphedema or cancer recurrence.

What to Ask Your Doctor

  1. What is the purpose of a sentinel lymph node biopsy?
  2. Am I a candidate for a sentinel lymph node biopsy?
  3. What are the potential risks and complications associated with a sentinel lymph node biopsy?
  4. How many lymph nodes will be removed during the biopsy procedure?
  5. What is the likelihood of developing lymphedema after a sentinel lymph node biopsy?
  6. Are there any ways to reduce the risk of developing lymphedema after the procedure?
  7. How will the results of the biopsy impact my treatment plan?
  8. Are there any alternative options to a sentinel lymph node biopsy?
  9. How long will it take to recover from the biopsy procedure?
  10. Are there any long-term effects or considerations to be aware of after undergoing a sentinel lymph node biopsy?

Reference

Authors: Isik A, Soran A, Grasi A, Barry N, Sezgin E. Journal: Lymphat Res Biol. 2022 Apr;20(2):160-163. doi: 10.1089/lrb.2020.0093. Epub 2021 Jun 30. PMID: 34191608