Our Summary

This research paper studies how spinal fusion surgery may affect the health of the spinal discs located near the area where the surgery took place. Spinal fusion surgery is a procedure where two or more vertebrae (the small bones that make up the spine) are joined together to stop movement between them, and this can sometimes lead to quicker degeneration of the adjacent spinal discs.

The researchers used an advanced imaging technique called T2* MRI to study the health of these discs. This technique is sensitive and can detect changes in the biochemical makeup and mechanical integrity of the discs, which are indicators of disc health. However, it can also be affected by the metal used in the spinal fusion surgery.

In the experiment, the researchers studied nine pig spinal specimens, before and after applying spinal fusion surgery instruments. They found that the T2* relaxation time, a measure of disc health, decreased significantly in the disc immediately adjacent to the surgical site, but not in the discs further away. This suggests that the surgical instruments do interfere with the T2* measurements, and therefore the assessment of disc health.

In conclusion, the researchers suggest that an initial MRI scan after spinal fusion surgery could help in tracking changes in the health of the adjacent discs over time. This is because, despite the interference from the metal instruments, there is still enough signal to quantify changes in the T2* relaxation time, which is a measure of disc health.

FAQs

  1. How does spinal fusion surgery potentially affect the health of adjacent spinal discs?
  2. What imaging technique was used in the research to study the health of spinal discs and how does it work?
  3. What did the researchers suggest as a helpful tool in tracking changes in the health of the adjacent discs after spinal fusion surgery?

Doctor’s Tip

A helpful tip that a doctor might tell a patient about spinal fusion surgery is to ensure they follow their post-operative rehabilitation plan diligently. This may include physical therapy exercises, restrictions on certain activities, and regular follow-up appointments with their healthcare provider. Following the rehabilitation plan can help improve the success of the surgery and prevent complications. Additionally, maintaining a healthy lifestyle with regular exercise and proper nutrition can also support the healing process after spinal fusion surgery.

Suitable For

Patients who are typically recommended for spinal fusion surgery include those who have:

  1. Degenerative disc disease
  2. Scoliosis
  3. Spinal stenosis
  4. Spondylolisthesis
  5. Herniated discs
  6. Spinal fractures
  7. Spinal infections or tumors
  8. Chronic back pain that has not responded to conservative treatments

It is important for patients considering spinal fusion surgery to discuss the potential risks and benefits with their healthcare provider and to undergo a thorough evaluation to determine if they are a suitable candidate for the procedure.

Timeline

Before spinal fusion surgery, a patient typically experiences chronic back pain, weakness, numbness, or tingling in the arms or legs, and difficulty walking or standing for long periods. They may have tried conservative treatments such as physical therapy, medication, or injections before deciding to undergo surgery.

After spinal fusion surgery, the patient will likely experience pain and discomfort at the surgical site, as well as limitations on their movement and activities. They will need to follow a strict post-operative rehabilitation program to help with healing and recovery. Over time, as the spine fuses and stabilizes, the patient should experience relief from their initial symptoms and improved spinal alignment. However, there may still be some limitations on their mobility and they will need to continue with regular follow-up appointments to monitor their progress and address any potential complications.

What to Ask Your Doctor

Some questions a patient should ask their doctor about spinal fusion surgery include:

  1. What are the potential risks and complications associated with spinal fusion surgery?
  2. How long is the recovery process after spinal fusion surgery?
  3. Will I need physical therapy or rehabilitation after the surgery?
  4. How will spinal fusion surgery affect my daily activities and mobility?
  5. Are there any alternative treatments or procedures that could be considered instead of spinal fusion surgery?
  6. Will I need to have any additional imaging tests, such as MRI scans, to monitor the health of my spinal discs after the surgery?
  7. What type of metal instruments will be used in the surgery, and how might they affect imaging tests like T2* MRI?
  8. What are the long-term effects of spinal fusion surgery on the health of the adjacent spinal discs?
  9. How often should I follow up with my doctor after the surgery to monitor the health of my spine?
  10. Are there any lifestyle changes or precautions I should take to protect my spine post-surgery?

Reference

Authors: Foltz MH, O’Leary RM, Reader D, Rudolph NL, Schlitter KA, Ellermann J, Johnson CP, Polly DW Jr, Ellingson AM. Journal: Spine Deform. 2020 Oct;8(5):845-851. doi: 10.1007/s43390-020-00139-9. Epub 2020 May 24. PMID: 32449035