Our Summary

This research paper introduces a new method for performing brain surgery on rats. The method uses a 3D-printable device, called RatHat, which can be prepared before the surgery and customized to fit the shape of a rat’s skull. This device makes the surgery quicker, cheaper, and more consistent.

Traditionally, a device called a u-frame stereotaxic device is used for these surgeries, but this new method does not require its use or the use of a micromanipulator - a device used to accurately move the surgical tools. The RatHat consists of several parts: the implant to hold the components that will go inside the brain, a surgical stencil to guide where to drill, and a protective cap to prevent damage.

The researchers conducted four different experiments to test the RatHat’s effectiveness and found that it worked well, with the implants lasting up to nine months. The RatHat designs can be easily made and adjusted using computer software and can also be shared with others, which supports open science goals. The researchers believe that the RatHat could be a valuable tool for conducting brain implant surgeries in rodents.

FAQs

  1. What is the new 3D-printable device introduced for performing brain surgery on rats?
  2. How does the RatHat device differ from traditional brain surgery methods?
  3. What were the results of the experiments conducted to test the effectiveness of RatHat?

Doctor’s Tip

One helpful tip a doctor might tell a patient about brain surgery is to follow all pre-operative instructions carefully, such as fasting before the surgery and avoiding certain medications. It is also important to have a detailed discussion with the surgeon about the risks and benefits of the surgery, as well as what to expect during the recovery process. Additionally, following post-operative care instructions, such as taking medications as prescribed and attending follow-up appointments, is crucial for a successful outcome.

Suitable For

Patients who may be recommended for brain surgery include those with:

  1. Brain tumors: Surgery may be necessary to remove or reduce the size of a tumor in the brain.

  2. Epilepsy: If medications are ineffective in controlling seizures, surgery may be recommended to remove the area of the brain causing the seizures.

  3. Traumatic brain injury: In cases of severe head trauma, surgery may be necessary to relieve pressure on the brain or repair damaged tissue.

  4. Cerebrovascular disorders: Surgery may be recommended to repair blood vessel abnormalities in the brain, such as aneurysms or arteriovenous malformations.

  5. Parkinson’s disease: Deep brain stimulation surgery may be recommended for patients with Parkinson’s disease who do not respond to medication.

  6. Hydrocephalus: Surgery may be necessary to implant a shunt to drain excess cerebrospinal fluid from the brain.

  7. Brain abscess or infection: Surgery may be necessary to drain pus or remove infected tissue from the brain.

Overall, brain surgery is typically recommended for patients with conditions that cannot be effectively treated with medication or other non-invasive treatments. It is important for patients to discuss the risks and benefits of surgery with their healthcare provider to determine if it is the best course of action for their specific condition.

Timeline

Before brain surgery:

  • Patient undergoes initial consultations and imaging tests to determine the need for surgery
  • Patient may undergo pre-operative tests and evaluations to assess overall health
  • Surgical team plans the procedure and discusses risks and benefits with the patient
  • Patient may need to stop taking certain medications or follow specific dietary restrictions before surgery

After brain surgery:

  • Patient is closely monitored in the recovery room for any immediate complications
  • Patient may be transferred to a specialized unit for further monitoring and care
  • Patient may experience pain, swelling, and discomfort at the surgical site
  • Patient may need to stay in the hospital for a few days to a week for recovery
  • Patient will have follow-up appointments with the surgical team to monitor progress and discuss rehabilitation plans.

What to Ask Your Doctor

  1. What are the potential risks and complications associated with brain surgery in general, and specifically with the use of the RatHat device?

  2. How does the RatHat device compare to traditional methods in terms of surgical outcomes, recovery time, and cost?

  3. What is the success rate of brain surgeries performed using the RatHat device, and what factors can impact the success of the surgery?

  4. How long does it typically take to prepare and customize the RatHat device before a surgery, and how does this compare to traditional methods?

  5. Are there any specific post-operative care instructions or follow-up appointments that I should be aware of after undergoing brain surgery with the RatHat device?

  6. How experienced are you and your team in using the RatHat device for brain surgeries, and what is your success rate with this method?

  7. Can you provide me with any additional resources or information about the RatHat device and its use in brain surgery?

  8. Are there any alternative treatment options to consider before proceeding with brain surgery using the RatHat device?

  9. How soon can I expect to see improvements in my condition following brain surgery with the RatHat device, and what are the potential long-term outcomes?

  10. Are there any specific lifestyle modifications or precautions that I should take after undergoing brain surgery with the RatHat device to promote healing and prevent complications?

Reference

Authors: Allen LM, Jayachandran M, Viena TD, Su M, McNaughton BL, Allen TA. Journal: eNeuro. 2020 Apr 13;7(2):ENEURO.0538-19.2020. doi: 10.1523/ENEURO.0538-19.2020. Print 2020 Mar/Apr. PMID: 32144143