Our Summary

Orthognathic surgery is a standard operation used to fix issues with the facial structure that are present from birth, develop over time, or are caused by injury. This surgery can enhance the appearance of the face, improve chewing and speaking abilities, and aid in better breathing. The most common methods used in this surgery include Le Fort I osteotomy, bilateral sagittal split mandibular ramus osteotomy, and genioplasty.

A type of scan called high-resolution low-dose computed tomography is useful to assess the face and surrounding tissues after surgery and can also show any potential complications. This research paper covers the typical results seen after common orthognathic surgeries and their potential complications using this kind of scan.

FAQs

  1. What is orthognathic surgery and what deformities can it correct?
  2. What are the most common types of osteotomies performed in orthognathic surgery?
  3. How is high-resolution low-dose computed tomography used in postoperative evaluation of orthognathic surgery?

Doctor’s Tip

One helpful tip a doctor might tell a patient about orthognathic surgery is to follow all postoperative instructions carefully, including sticking to a soft diet, taking prescribed medications, and attending follow-up appointments. This will help ensure proper healing and successful results from the surgery.

Suitable For

Patients who are typically recommended orthognathic surgery include those with:

  1. Severe malocclusion or misalignment of the jaws that cannot be corrected by orthodontics alone
  2. Facial asymmetry or disproportionate facial features
  3. Difficulty chewing, speaking, or breathing due to jaw misalignment
  4. Obstructive sleep apnea caused by a small or recessed jaw
  5. Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders that are not responsive to other treatments
  6. Congenital conditions such as cleft lip and palate or craniofacial abnormalities
  7. Traumatic injuries to the jaw that have resulted in deformity or dysfunction

It is important for patients to undergo a thorough evaluation by a team of specialists, including orthodontists, oral and maxillofacial surgeons, and other healthcare providers, to determine if orthognathic surgery is the best treatment option for their specific condition.

Timeline

  • Consultation: The patient meets with a maxillofacial surgeon to discuss their concerns and goals for orthognathic surgery.
  • Pre-surgical planning: The surgeon performs a comprehensive evaluation of the patient’s dental and facial structure, often including X-rays and dental impressions.
  • Pre-operative orthodontic treatment: The patient undergoes orthodontic treatment to align the teeth and jaws in preparation for surgery, which can last from several months to a year.
  • Surgery day: The patient undergoes orthognathic surgery, which typically lasts several hours and involves repositioning the upper jaw (maxilla), lower jaw (mandible), or both.
  • Hospital stay: The patient may stay in the hospital for one to several days following surgery to monitor for complications and manage pain.
  • Recovery: The patient experiences swelling, bruising, and discomfort in the days and weeks following surgery, gradually improving over time.
  • Post-operative orthodontic treatment: The patient continues orthodontic treatment to fine-tune the bite and alignment of the teeth, which can last several months to a year.
  • Follow-up appointments: The patient has regular follow-up appointments with the surgeon and orthodontist to monitor progress and address any issues that may arise.
  • Long-term results: The patient experiences improved facial aesthetics, function, and overall quality of life as a result of orthognathic surgery.

What to Ask Your Doctor

  1. What specific type of orthognathic surgery do you recommend for my condition?

  2. What are the potential risks and complications associated with the surgery?

  3. What is the expected recovery time and post-operative care plan?

  4. Will I need to wear braces before or after the surgery?

  5. How will the surgery affect my facial appearance and function?

  6. What are the long-term results and benefits of orthognathic surgery?

  7. Are there alternative treatment options available for my condition?

  8. How experienced are you in performing orthognathic surgeries?

  9. What is the success rate of orthognathic surgery for patients with similar conditions to mine?

  10. Can you provide me with before and after photos of previous patients who have undergone orthognathic surgery?

Reference

Authors: Loureiro RM, Collin J, Sumi DV, Araújo LC, Murakoshi RW, Gomes RLE, Daniel MM. Journal: J Neuroradiol. 2022 Jan;49(1):17-32. doi: 10.1016/j.neurad.2021.04.033. Epub 2021 Apr 14. PMID: 33864896