Our Summary

This study aimed to identify knowledge gaps in the field of orthognathic surgery, a type of jaw surgery, by consulting with experts in the field. The researchers used a method called the Delphi technique, which involves asking a group of experts to anonymously answer a series of questionnaires to reach a consensus. The experts included surgeons who regularly perform this type of surgery, and they were identified through academic articles, nominations from their peers, and social media. The researchers conducted two rounds of surveys, asking the surgeons to rate the importance of different knowledge gaps and propose new ones. From the first round of surveys, 11 new knowledge gaps were proposed. The researchers then compiled a list of 15 important research questions based on the results. This study will help guide future research in orthognathic surgery, addressing these knowledge gaps to improve patient care.

FAQs

  1. What is the Delphi technique used in this study about orthognathic surgery?
  2. How were the experts in the field of orthognathic surgery identified for this research?
  3. What is the significance of the identified knowledge gaps in the field of orthognathic surgery?

Doctor’s Tip

One helpful tip a doctor might tell a patient about orthognathic surgery is to follow all pre-operative and post-operative instructions carefully. This may include maintaining good oral hygiene, avoiding certain foods, taking prescribed medications, attending follow-up appointments, and following a specific diet plan. By following these instructions, patients can help ensure a successful outcome and minimize the risks associated with the surgery.

Suitable For

Patients who are typically recommended orthognathic surgery include those with severe malocclusion (misalignment of the teeth and/or jaws), facial asymmetry, difficulty chewing or speaking, temporomandibular joint disorders, obstructive sleep apnea, and aesthetic concerns. Orthognathic surgery is often recommended for patients who have completed their growth and development, typically in their late teens or early twenties. It is important for patients to undergo a thorough evaluation by an orthodontist and oral and maxillofacial surgeon to determine if orthognathic surgery is the best treatment option for their specific condition.

Timeline

Before orthognathic surgery:

  • Patient undergoes initial consultation with a maxillofacial surgeon to discuss treatment options and goals
  • Patient undergoes a series of diagnostic tests, including X-rays, CT scans, and dental impressions
  • Patient works with an orthodontist to prepare their teeth for the surgery
  • Patient may undergo pre-surgical orthodontic treatment to align their teeth and jaws
  • Patient discusses the surgical plan, risks, and recovery process with their surgeon

After orthognathic surgery:

  • Patient undergoes the surgery, which involves repositioning the upper and lower jaws to improve bite alignment and facial aesthetics
  • Patient stays in the hospital for a few days to recover and manage pain
  • Patient follows a liquid or soft food diet for a few weeks to allow their jaws to heal
  • Patient attends follow-up appointments with their surgeon to monitor healing and adjust orthodontic treatment
  • Patient may undergo post-surgical orthodontic treatment to fine-tune their bite and achieve optimal results
  • Patient experiences improved bite function, facial aesthetics, and overall quality of life after fully recovering from the surgery.

What to Ask Your Doctor

Some questions a patient should ask their doctor about orthognathic surgery include:

  1. What are the potential risks and complications associated with orthognathic surgery?
  2. What is the success rate of this surgery for my specific condition?
  3. How long is the recovery period and what can I expect during the recovery process?
  4. Will I need to follow a specific diet or make any lifestyle changes before or after the surgery?
  5. What type of anesthesia will be used during the surgery and how will it affect me?
  6. How will my appearance and function of my jaw be improved after the surgery?
  7. Are there any alternative treatment options to orthognathic surgery that I should consider?
  8. How many orthognathic surgeries have you performed and what is your success rate?
  9. Will I need to wear braces before or after the surgery, and for how long?
  10. How long will the results of the surgery last and will I need any follow-up procedures in the future?
  11. How much will the surgery cost and will my insurance cover it?
  12. Are there any lifestyle restrictions or limitations I should be aware of after the surgery?
  13. How can I best prepare for the surgery to ensure a successful outcome?
  14. Are there any specific pre-operative tests or evaluations I will need before the surgery?
  15. What kind of post-operative care and follow-up appointments will be necessary for me?

Reference

Authors: Bendersky J, Zapata S, Uribe M, Villanueva J, Bonfill X, Souper R. Journal: Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2025 May;54(5):430-437. doi: 10.1016/j.ijom.2024.11.001. Epub 2024 Nov 27. PMID: 39603881