Our Summary

This research review looks at how orthognathic surgery - which corrects conditions of the jaw and face related to structure, growth, sleep apnea, TMJ disorders, or other problems - affects the perception of a person’s personality traits. The review examined studies from 2012 to 2018, looking at ratings of 72 patients with facial deformities and 12 control individuals based on photographs or videos taken before and after surgery.

The study found that people with facial deformities were generally viewed more negatively than those without, both in terms of their looks and their personality traits. For instance, people with class II deformities were seen as more flexible but less confident and intelligent, while those with class III deformities were viewed as dominant, aggressive, and brutal.

While surgery did improve perceptions, it didn’t bring them up to the level of the control group. This information could help surgeons give their patients a more accurate picture of what to expect after surgery.

FAQs

  1. What is orthognathic surgery and what conditions does it correct?
  2. How does orthognathic surgery affect the perception of a person’s personality traits?
  3. Does orthognathic surgery completely change the negative perceptions associated with facial deformities?

Doctor’s Tip

A helpful tip a doctor might tell a patient about orthognathic surgery is to have realistic expectations about the outcome. While the surgery can improve facial appearance and function, it may not completely change perceptions of personality traits. It’s important to focus on the physical and functional benefits of the surgery rather than solely on changing how others perceive you. It’s also important to follow post-operative care instructions carefully to ensure a successful recovery.

Suitable For

Patients who are typically recommended for orthognathic surgery are those with severe malocclusions, facial asymmetry, skeletal discrepancies, jaw abnormalities, sleep apnea, TMJ disorders, or other conditions that affect the function and aesthetics of the jaw and face. These conditions can affect a person’s ability to speak, chew, breathe, and even sleep properly. Orthognathic surgery can help improve these issues and enhance the overall facial appearance and function of the patient.

It is important for patients considering orthognathic surgery to consult with a qualified oral and maxillofacial surgeon who can evaluate their specific condition and determine if they are a suitable candidate for the procedure. The surgeon will consider factors such as the severity of the condition, the patient’s overall health, and their expectations for the outcome of the surgery.

Overall, orthognathic surgery can significantly improve the quality of life for patients with jaw and facial abnormalities, helping them to achieve a more balanced and harmonious facial profile, improved function, and enhanced self-confidence.

Timeline

Timeline before and after orthognathic surgery:

Before surgery:

  1. Patient consults with an orthodontist or oral surgeon to discuss the need for orthognathic surgery.
  2. Patient undergoes a series of dental and facial imaging tests to determine the extent of the jaw deformity.
  3. Orthodontic treatment may be necessary to align the teeth before surgery.
  4. Patient undergoes pre-surgical orthodontic treatment to prepare the jaw for surgery.
  5. Patient receives information on the surgical procedure, recovery process, and potential risks and complications.

After surgery:

  1. Surgery is performed to correct the jaw deformity, typically under general anesthesia.
  2. Patient stays in the hospital for a few days to recover and monitor for any complications.
  3. Patient may experience swelling, bruising, and discomfort in the days following surgery.
  4. Patient follows a strict diet of soft foods and liquids to allow the jaw to heal.
  5. Patient attends follow-up appointments with the surgeon and orthodontist to monitor progress and make any necessary adjustments.
  6. Patient undergoes post-surgical orthodontic treatment to fine-tune the positioning of the teeth and jaw.
  7. Over time, the patient’s facial appearance improves as the jaw heals and settles into its new position.
  8. Patient may experience improvements in speech, chewing, and breathing function as a result of the surgery.

Overall, the timeline for orthognathic surgery can vary depending on the individual case and the specific procedures involved. It is important for patients to follow their surgeon’s instructions closely to ensure a successful outcome and optimal recovery.

What to Ask Your Doctor

Some questions a patient should ask their doctor about orthognathic surgery include:

  1. What specific jaw or facial conditions can orthognathic surgery correct?
  2. What are the potential risks and complications associated with orthognathic surgery?
  3. How long is the recovery process and what can I expect during this time?
  4. Will I need to follow a special diet or make any lifestyle changes before or after surgery?
  5. How will orthognathic surgery impact my overall facial appearance and function?
  6. Will I need to wear braces before or after surgery to achieve the best results?
  7. How long will the results of orthognathic surgery last?
  8. Are there any alternative treatments or procedures that could be considered instead of orthognathic surgery?
  9. What is the success rate of orthognathic surgery for patients with my specific condition?
  10. Can you provide me with before and after photos of previous patients who have undergone orthognathic surgery for a similar condition?

Reference

Authors: Mugnier J, Ibrahim B, Bouletreau P, Sigaux N. Journal: Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2020 Oct;49(10):1294-1302. doi: 10.1016/j.ijom.2020.03.017. Epub 2020 May 4. PMID: 32376076