Our Summary

This paper discusses the benefits of using qualitative research methods in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS). Traditionally, research in this area has relied more on quantitative methods, which can overlook important aspects of patients’ experiences, such as their preparation for surgery, their perceptions of their own well-being, and their functional outcomes after surgery.

The authors argue that using qualitative research methods can give researchers a better understanding of the social contexts that surround surgical interventions, and therefore help them devise better-informed approaches to research and practice.

The paper outlines several benefits of qualitative research. First, it suggests that treating patients as collaborators in the research process can help to create a research design that accurately reflects the complexities of the subject being studied. Second, it argues that gathering data through interactive group sessions allows patients to explore aspects of OMFS. Third, it suggests that these patient interactions can improve the quality of data by allowing participants to engage in conversations with those who understand the treatment processes.

Finally, the authors argue that involving patients in the data analysis phase can help to develop an explanation for the phenomenon being studied that is both significant and relevant to the setting being studied.

The paper concludes with recommendations for future research, suggesting that more qualitative research methods should be used in the field of OMFS.

FAQs

  1. What are the benefits of using qualitative research methods in oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS)?
  2. How can patient involvement in the research process improve the quality of data in OMFS studies?
  3. Why does the paper recommend more usage of qualitative research methods in future OMFS research?

Doctor’s Tip

A helpful tip a doctor might give a patient about maxillofacial surgery is to thoroughly discuss the procedure with their surgeon and ask any questions they may have. It is important for patients to be informed about the surgery, including the risks and potential outcomes, in order to make the best decision for their health and well-being. Additionally, following post-operative care instructions and attending follow-up appointments are essential for a successful recovery.

Suitable For

Patients who may be recommended for maxillofacial surgery often have conditions such as:

  1. Facial trauma: Patients who have suffered injuries to the face, jaw, or mouth due to accidents, falls, or physical altercations may require maxillofacial surgery to repair fractured bones, lacerations, or other injuries.

  2. Craniofacial abnormalities: Individuals born with congenital conditions such as cleft lip and palate, craniosynostosis, or other facial deformities may benefit from maxillofacial surgery to improve their appearance and function.

  3. Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders: Patients experiencing chronic pain, clicking or popping in the jaw joint, difficulty chewing, or other symptoms of TMJ disorders may require surgical intervention to correct the issue.

  4. Orthognathic surgery: Patients with misaligned jaws or bite problems, such as overbite, underbite, or crossbite, may be recommended for orthognathic surgery to improve their bite function, facial symmetry, and overall oral health.

  5. Sleep apnea: Individuals with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) or other breathing-related disorders may undergo maxillofacial surgery, such as maxillomandibular advancement, to widen the airway and improve breathing during sleep.

  6. Oral pathology: Patients with benign or malignant tumors, cysts, or other abnormalities in the oral cavity, jaw, or facial bones may require surgery to remove the affected tissues and restore oral health.

Overall, maxillofacial surgery is recommended for patients who have complex or severe conditions affecting the face, jaw, or mouth that cannot be effectively treated with non-surgical interventions. It is important for patients to consult with a qualified oral and maxillofacial surgeon to determine the most appropriate treatment plan for their specific needs.

Timeline

Timeline of a patient’s experience before and after maxillofacial surgery:

Before surgery:

  1. Patient meets with a maxillofacial surgeon to discuss the need for surgery and potential treatment options.
  2. Patient undergoes pre-surgical assessments, such as medical history review, imaging tests, and consultations with other healthcare professionals.
  3. Patient receives detailed information about the surgical procedure, potential risks, and post-operative care instructions.
  4. Patient may undergo pre-surgical preparations, such as stopping certain medications, fasting before surgery, and arranging for transportation to and from the hospital or surgical center.

During surgery:

  1. Patient undergoes maxillofacial surgery under anesthesia, with the surgeon performing the necessary procedures to correct the issue.
  2. Surgery can vary in length depending on the complexity of the procedure, from a few hours to several hours.

After surgery:

  1. Patient wakes up in the recovery room and is monitored closely by healthcare professionals for any complications.
  2. Patient may experience pain, swelling, bruising, and difficulty eating or speaking in the immediate post-operative period.
  3. Patient is provided with pain medications, instructions on wound care, and a follow-up appointment schedule.
  4. Patient may need to follow a specific diet, practice good oral hygiene, and avoid certain activities to promote healing.
  5. Patient attends follow-up appointments with the maxillofacial surgeon to monitor progress, address any concerns, and discuss long-term outcomes of the surgery.
  6. Patient may undergo additional treatments, such as physical therapy, speech therapy, or orthodontic adjustments, to optimize functional outcomes after surgery.
  7. Patient gradually resumes normal activities and may experience improvements in their oral health, appearance, and quality of life over time.

What to Ask Your Doctor

Some questions a patient should ask their doctor about maxillofacial surgery include:

  1. What are the potential risks and complications associated with the surgery?
  2. What is the recovery process like and how long will it take?
  3. What are the expected outcomes of the surgery and how will it improve my quality of life?
  4. Are there any alternative treatment options available?
  5. How experienced are you in performing this specific type of surgery?
  6. What pre-operative and post-operative care instructions should I follow?
  7. Will I need any additional procedures or treatments in the future?
  8. What can I do to prepare for the surgery and optimize my recovery?
  9. How will my pain be managed during and after the surgery?
  10. Can you provide me with information about the success rates of this type of surgery?

It is important for patients to have a clear understanding of the procedure they are undergoing, as well as the potential outcomes and risks involved. Asking these questions can help patients make informed decisions about their treatment and feel more confident going into surgery.

Reference

Authors: Baker C, Knepil G, Courtney P. Journal: Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2022 Sep;60(7):910-914. doi: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2022.01.005. Epub 2022 Jan 22. PMID: 35307272