Our Summary

This research article aims to provide guidance on how to safely manage medication use before, during, and after surgery for pregnant or breastfeeding patients in dental or maxillofacial (related to the jaw and face) settings. It emphasizes the need for healthcare providers, including dentists and surgeons, to carefully weigh the available evidence, benefits, and risks before prescribing any medication to these patients. The article strives to provide clear, easy-to-remember, and practical information for healthcare practitioners to ensure the safety of the pregnant patient, the unborn baby, and the infant.

FAQs

  1. What is the main focus of this research article about maxillofacial surgery?
  2. Who are the intended readers of this article on managing medication use in maxillofacial surgery for pregnant or breastfeeding patients?
  3. What factors should healthcare providers consider before prescribing medication to pregnant or breastfeeding patients in dental or maxillofacial settings?

Doctor’s Tip

One helpful tip a doctor might tell a patient about maxillofacial surgery is to carefully follow all pre-operative instructions provided by the surgeon, including fasting requirements and medication restrictions. It is important to inform the surgeon about any medications, supplements, or herbal remedies you are currently taking, as these can affect the surgery and recovery process. Additionally, it is crucial to follow post-operative care instructions closely, including proper wound care, pain management, and follow-up appointments to ensure a successful recovery.

Suitable For

Patients who may be recommended for maxillofacial surgery include those with:

  1. Facial trauma: Patients who have suffered injuries to the face, jaw, or teeth as a result of accidents, falls, or physical altercations may require maxillofacial surgery to repair fractures, wounds, or dislocations.

  2. Jaw misalignment: Patients with malocclusions, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders, or other jaw alignment issues may benefit from orthognathic surgery to correct their bite and improve their facial aesthetics.

  3. Oral and maxillofacial pathology: Patients with benign or malignant tumors, cysts, or other abnormal growths in the mouth, jaw, or face may require surgery to remove the affected tissue and prevent further complications.

  4. Orthodontic surgery: Patients undergoing orthodontic treatment, such as braces or aligners, may require surgical intervention to reposition their teeth or jaws for optimal alignment and function.

  5. Facial deformities: Patients born with congenital abnormalities, such as cleft lip and palate, craniofacial syndromes, or facial asymmetry, may benefit from reconstructive surgery to improve their appearance and overall quality of life.

It is important for patients to consult with a qualified oral and maxillofacial surgeon to determine the most appropriate treatment plan for their specific condition and goals. Additionally, patients should be informed about the risks, benefits, and potential outcomes of maxillofacial surgery before making a decision to proceed with the procedure.

Timeline

Before maxillofacial surgery:

  1. Consultation with a maxillofacial surgeon to discuss the procedure, risks, and benefits.
  2. Preoperative assessments and tests to evaluate the patient’s overall health and suitability for surgery.
  3. Preoperative instructions, including fasting guidelines and medication adjustments.
  4. Discussion of anesthesia options and potential side effects.
  5. Consent form signing and preoperative preparation.

During maxillofacial surgery:

  1. Administration of anesthesia to induce unconsciousness and pain relief.
  2. Performance of the surgical procedure by the maxillofacial surgeon.
  3. Monitoring of vital signs and anesthesia levels throughout the surgery.
  4. Postoperative pain management and wound care instructions.

After maxillofacial surgery:

  1. Recovery in the hospital or outpatient setting under the supervision of healthcare providers.
  2. Pain management medication and antibiotics prescribed as needed.
  3. Follow-up appointments with the maxillofacial surgeon to monitor healing progress.
  4. Instructions on diet, oral hygiene, and activity restrictions during the recovery period.
  5. Long-term follow-up for any complications or necessary additional procedures.
  6. Rehabilitation and physical therapy if needed to restore function and appearance.

What to Ask Your Doctor

  1. What are the specific risks and benefits of maxillofacial surgery for me as a pregnant or breastfeeding patient?
  2. Are there any alternative treatments or procedures that could be safer for me and my baby?
  3. What medications will be used during the surgery, and are they safe for me and my baby?
  4. How will anesthesia be administered during the surgery, and what are the potential risks?
  5. How will the surgery impact my ability to breastfeed, and should I pump and store breast milk before the procedure?
  6. What are the potential complications that could arise from the surgery, and how will they be managed?
  7. How long is the recovery process expected to take, and what limitations should I expect during this time?
  8. Will I need to adjust my current medication regimen before or after the surgery, and how should I do so?
  9. How soon after the surgery can I resume normal activities, including caring for my baby?
  10. Are there any specific precautions I should take during pregnancy or breastfeeding to ensure the success of the surgery and my overall health?

Reference

Authors: Nudell Y, Miller J. Journal: Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2022 Feb;34(1):201-212. doi: 10.1016/j.coms.2021.08.012. Epub 2021 Oct 30. PMID: 34728146