Our Summary

This research paper discusses the issue of surgical training for medical graduates. Traditionally, this training has been based on an apprentice model, where the trainee spends a long time observing and being assessed. However, due to factors like patient expectations, work hour restrictions and increased oversight from senior doctors, trainees are getting less independent practice. This could lead to them being less competent when they graduate, which could affect patient safety and satisfaction, as well as their own career satisfaction. The paper suggests that current methods of assessment and training may need to be modified.

FAQs

  1. What is the traditional method of surgical training for medical graduates?
  2. What factors are leading to less independent practice for trainees in maxillofacial surgery?
  3. What potential consequences are suggested if trainees don’t get enough independent practice during their training?

Doctor’s Tip

One helpful tip a doctor might give a patient about maxillofacial surgery is to carefully follow all pre-operative instructions provided by the surgeon. This may include avoiding certain medications or foods before surgery, as well as following any guidelines for maintaining oral hygiene. By adhering to these instructions, the patient can help ensure a successful outcome and reduce the risk of complications during and after surgery.

Suitable For

In terms of maxillofacial surgery, patients who may be recommended for this type of surgery typically have conditions or injuries affecting the face, jaw, neck, and mouth. Some common reasons for maxillofacial surgery include:

  1. Facial trauma: Patients who have suffered severe injuries to the face, such as fractures or lacerations, may require maxillofacial surgery to repair the damage and restore function and aesthetics.

  2. Orthognathic surgery: This type of surgery is performed to correct skeletal imbalances in the jaw, leading to problems with bite alignment, speech, and chewing.

  3. Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders: Patients with severe TMJ disorders that do not respond to conservative treatments may be recommended for maxillofacial surgery to address the underlying issues causing pain and dysfunction.

  4. Facial deformities: Patients born with congenital facial deformities, such as cleft lip and palate, may require maxillofacial surgery to correct the abnormalities and improve facial aesthetics.

  5. Oral and maxillofacial tumors: Patients with benign or malignant tumors in the oral and facial region may require surgery to remove the growth and prevent further spread of cancer.

  6. Dental implants: Maxillofacial surgeons may also perform surgery to place dental implants for patients who have lost teeth due to trauma, decay, or other reasons.

Overall, maxillofacial surgery is recommended for patients with a wide range of conditions affecting the face, jaw, and mouth, with the goal of improving function, aesthetics, and overall quality of life.

Timeline

Before maxillofacial surgery:

  • Patient visits a maxillofacial surgeon for a consultation and evaluation of their condition
  • Surgeon performs a physical examination and may order imaging tests to assess the extent of the problem
  • Patient receives information about the surgery, including risks, benefits, and recovery process
  • Patient may undergo pre-operative tests and evaluations to ensure they are healthy enough for surgery
  • Surgery date is scheduled and patient receives instructions on how to prepare for the procedure

After maxillofacial surgery:

  • Patient undergoes the surgery under general anesthesia, which may involve reshaping or realigning the bones of the face and jaw
  • Patient is monitored closely in the post-operative period to manage pain and monitor for complications
  • Patient may need to stay in the hospital for a period of time depending on the extent of the surgery
  • Patient is discharged home with instructions on how to care for the surgical site, manage pain, and follow-up appointments
  • Patient may need to undergo physical therapy or speech therapy to regain function and mobility in the affected area
  • Patient attends follow-up appointments with the surgeon to monitor healing and address any concerns or complications

What to Ask Your Doctor

Some questions a patient should ask their doctor about maxillofacial surgery include:

  1. What are the risks and potential complications associated with this surgery?
  2. What are the potential benefits of this surgery for my specific condition?
  3. What is the expected recovery time and post-operative care needed?
  4. Are there any alternative treatment options available?
  5. How many times have you performed this type of surgery, and what is your success rate?
  6. Will I need to undergo any additional tests or evaluations before the surgery?
  7. What type of anesthesia will be used during the surgery?
  8. What is the expected outcome of the surgery in terms of appearance and function?
  9. How long will the results of the surgery last?
  10. Are there any specific instructions or precautions I should follow before and after the surgery?

Reference

Authors: Tannyhill RJ 3rd. Journal: Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2022 Nov;34(4):505-513. doi: 10.1016/j.coms.2022.03.012. Epub 2022 Oct 9. PMID: 36224079