Our Summary

This research paper discusses the differences in beauty standards and facial anatomy between Westerners and Asians. It notes that while Asians often have a wide and prominent jaw shape, the preference is towards a slim and softer face shape. To achieve this, various surgeries are performed on the upper jaw and other areas of the face to create an oval or V-line shape. With the advancements in virtual surgery software and orthodontic treatment techniques, the paper suggests that performing surgery first is now seen as a reliable option for these types of facial surgeries, if necessary.

FAQs

  1. What are the main differences in beauty standards and facial anatomy between Westerners and Asians according to the research paper?
  2. What type of jaw surgeries are performed to achieve the preferred slim and softer face shape in Asians?
  3. How have advancements in virtual surgery software and orthodontic treatment techniques influenced the order of procedures in facial surgeries?

Doctor’s Tip

A doctor might tell a patient undergoing jaw surgery to follow post-operative instructions carefully, including keeping the jaw stable and avoiding strenuous activities to ensure proper healing. They may also recommend a soft diet to avoid putting too much strain on the jaw and to promote healing. Additionally, the doctor may advise the patient to attend follow-up appointments to monitor progress and address any concerns or complications that may arise.

Suitable For

Patients who are typically recommended jaw surgery include those with:

  1. Malocclusion: Patients with a misaligned bite, such as an overbite, underbite, or crossbite, may benefit from jaw surgery to correct the alignment of their teeth and jaws.

  2. Facial asymmetry: Patients with uneven or asymmetrical facial features, such as a crooked jaw or chin, may benefit from jaw surgery to improve facial harmony and balance.

  3. Sleep apnea: Patients with obstructive sleep apnea, a condition in which the airway becomes blocked during sleep, may benefit from jaw surgery to reposition the jaw and improve airflow.

  4. Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders: Patients with TMJ disorders, which can cause jaw pain, clicking or popping sounds, and difficulty opening or closing the mouth, may benefit from jaw surgery to correct the underlying structural issues.

  5. Facial trauma: Patients who have experienced facial trauma, such as a broken jaw or facial fractures, may require jaw surgery to repair and reconstruct the damaged bones.

  6. Cosmetic concerns: Patients who are unhappy with the appearance of their jawline, chin, or facial profile may choose to undergo jaw surgery for cosmetic reasons to achieve a more balanced and aesthetically pleasing facial appearance.

Timeline

Before Jaw Surgery:

  1. Consultation with a plastic surgeon or orthodontist to discuss concerns and desired outcomes.
  2. Evaluation of facial anatomy and imaging tests such as X-rays and CT scans to determine the extent of the surgery needed.
  3. Pre-surgical preparations such as blood tests, medical history review, and possibly braces or other orthodontic treatments to align the teeth properly.
  4. Discussion of the surgical procedure, risks, and recovery process with the surgeon.

During Jaw Surgery:

  1. Anesthesia is administered to ensure the patient is comfortable and pain-free during the procedure.
  2. The surgeon makes incisions inside the mouth to access the jawbone and reposition it as needed.
  3. Bone grafts or implants may be used to enhance the shape and structure of the jaw.
  4. The incisions are closed with dissolvable stitches, and the patient is monitored as they wake up from anesthesia.

After Jaw Surgery:

  1. Recovery period with pain medication, swelling management, and a soft diet to allow the jaw to heal properly.
  2. Follow-up appointments with the surgeon to monitor healing progress and address any concerns.
  3. Physical therapy or speech therapy may be required to regain muscle strength and function in the jaw.
  4. Orthodontic treatments may continue to ensure the teeth align properly with the new jaw position.
  5. Gradual return to normal activities and a new, improved facial appearance that aligns with the patient’s desired outcome.

What to Ask Your Doctor

  1. What specific type of jaw surgery do you recommend for me?
  2. What are the potential risks and complications associated with this surgery?
  3. How long is the recovery process and what can I expect during this time?
  4. Will I need to have any orthodontic treatment before or after the surgery?
  5. How will my facial appearance change after the surgery?
  6. Will I need to follow any specific post-operative care instructions?
  7. What are the long-term effects of this surgery on my jaw function and overall health?
  8. Are there any alternative treatments or procedures that could achieve similar results?
  9. How many times have you performed this type of surgery and what is your success rate?
  10. Can you provide me with before and after photos of previous patients who have undergone similar jaw surgeries?

Reference

Authors: Kim YJ, Lee BK. Journal: Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am. 2021 Nov;29(4):549-566. doi: 10.1016/j.fsc.2021.06.006. PMID: 34579837