Our Summary

This research was conducted to study the function of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) - the joint that connects your jaw to the side of your head - after orthognathic surgery. Orthognathic surgery is performed to correct conditions of the jaw and face related to structure, growth, sleep apnea, TMJ disorders, malocclusion problems owing to skeletal disharmonies, or other orthodontic problems that cannot be easily treated with braces.

TMJ dysfunction is quite common and can cause symptoms such as pain. The researchers used a special device called the SiCAT JMT to track the movement of the jaw in four dimensions and also asked participants to fill out a questionnaire about their TMJ symptoms.

The study included 16 people who had undergone orthognathic surgery and 17 people who had not. The researchers found no significant differences in jaw function between the two groups. However, they did find that those who had undergone surgery were more likely to experience a popping sound in their joints.

In other words, according to this study, orthognathic surgery does not seem to impact the function of the jaw, but it may lead to some minor symptoms.

FAQs

  1. What is the purpose of orthognathic surgery?
  2. Does orthognathic surgery impact the function of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)?
  3. What are the possible side effects of orthognathic surgery according to this study?

Doctor’s Tip

A helpful tip a doctor might tell a patient about jaw surgery is to follow post-operative instructions carefully, including any prescribed rehabilitation exercises. These exercises can help improve jaw function and reduce the risk of complications. Additionally, maintaining good oral hygiene and attending follow-up appointments with your surgeon can help ensure a successful recovery. If you experience any persistent or worsening symptoms, be sure to contact your doctor for further evaluation and treatment.

Suitable For

Patients who are typically recommended jaw surgery include those with:

  1. Malocclusion or misalignment of the teeth and jaws
  2. Facial asymmetry or deformities
  3. Difficulty chewing or biting
  4. Sleep apnea or other breathing problems related to jaw structure
  5. Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders
  6. Chronic jaw pain or headaches related to jaw alignment issues

Orthognathic surgery is usually recommended as a last resort after other treatments, such as braces or dental appliances, have been tried and have not been successful in correcting the underlying issue. It is important for patients to undergo a thorough evaluation by a team of orthodontists, oral surgeons, and other specialists to determine if jaw surgery is the best treatment option for their specific condition.

Timeline

Before jaw surgery:

  • Patient consults with a maxillofacial surgeon to discuss the need for jaw surgery
  • Patient undergoes pre-surgical tests and evaluations to determine the extent of the surgery needed
  • Patient may need to wear braces or undergo orthodontic treatment to prepare for surgery
  • Surgery is scheduled and performed under general anesthesia
  • Recovery period typically involves swelling, pain, and limited jaw movement
  • Patient may need to follow a soft diet and practice good oral hygiene to prevent infection
  • Follow-up appointments with the surgeon to monitor healing and adjust treatment as needed

After jaw surgery:

  • Patient may experience initial discomfort, swelling, and bruising
  • Pain medication and ice packs are used to manage pain and swelling
  • Patient gradually resumes normal activities and begins to see the results of the surgery
  • Jaw function gradually improves as the muscles and tissues heal
  • Patient may need to continue with orthodontic treatment to ensure proper alignment of the teeth
  • Regular follow-up appointments with the surgeon and orthodontist to monitor progress and make any necessary adjustments
  • Patient may need to make lifestyle changes such as dietary adjustments or physical therapy to aid in recovery and improve jaw function.

What to Ask Your Doctor

Some questions a patient should ask their doctor about jaw surgery include:

  1. What specific type of jaw surgery do I need and why?
  2. What are the potential risks and complications associated with the surgery?
  3. What is the expected recovery time and what can I do to speed up the healing process?
  4. Will I need to follow a special diet or take any medications after the surgery?
  5. What kind of post-operative care will be required?
  6. How will the surgery affect my ability to speak, chew, and breathe?
  7. Will I need any additional treatments, such as physical therapy or orthodontic work, after the surgery?
  8. How long will the results of the surgery last?
  9. What are the alternatives to surgery and why is surgery recommended in my case?
  10. Can you provide me with information about the success rate of this type of surgery and any relevant statistics?

Reference

Authors: Aslanidou K, Xie R, Christou T, Lamani E, Kau CH. Journal: J Orthod. 2020 Jun;47(2):140-148. doi: 10.1177/1465312520908277. Epub 2020 Mar 1. PMID: 32114874