Our Summary

This research paper is a comprehensive review of various studies and reports on orthognathic surgery, a type of surgery that corrects conditions of the jaw and face related to structure, growth, sleep apnea, TMJ disorders, malocclusion problems owing to skeletal disharmonies, or other orthodontic problems that cannot be easily treated with braces. The researchers looked into different aspects of this surgery such as the use of antibiotics, steroids, and specific surgical methods.

They found 35 systematic reviews and 253 original studies on the topic. However, they found that the quality of these reviews was generally poor, with only two high-quality reviews identified. From these studies, they identified 19 key questions and 15 areas where more research is needed.

In conclusion, the researchers call for more high-quality investigations to fill in the gaps in our understanding of orthognathic surgery.

FAQs

  1. What is orthognathic surgery used to treat?
  2. What aspects of orthognathic surgery did the researchers review?
  3. What did the researchers conclude about the current quality and quantity of research on orthognathic surgery?

Doctor’s Tip

One helpful tip a doctor might tell a patient about jaw surgery is to follow post-operative care instructions carefully. This can include things like taking prescribed medications, following a soft food diet, practicing good oral hygiene, and attending follow-up appointments as scheduled. By following these instructions, patients can help ensure a successful recovery and optimal results from their jaw surgery.

Suitable For

Patients who are typically recommended for jaw surgery include those with severe malocclusion (misalignment of the teeth and/or jaws), facial asymmetry, sleep apnea, TMJ disorders, and other skeletal disharmonies that cannot be corrected with braces alone. These patients may experience difficulty chewing, speaking, or breathing, as well as aesthetic concerns related to the appearance of their jaw and face. Orthognathic surgery is typically recommended for patients who have completed their growth and development, usually in their late teens or early twenties.

Timeline

Before jaw surgery:

  • Consultation with a maxillofacial surgeon and orthodontist to discuss treatment options
  • Pre-surgical orthodontic treatment to align teeth
  • Pre-surgical evaluations such as X-rays, CT scans, and dental impressions
  • Planning and preparation for surgery, including discussions about the procedure and recovery process

After jaw surgery:

  • Immediate recovery in the hospital or surgical center
  • Post-operative care instructions, including pain management, diet restrictions, and oral hygiene
  • Follow-up appointments with the surgeon and orthodontist for monitoring progress
  • Gradual return to normal activities and diet
  • Continuing orthodontic treatment to fine-tune the bite and alignment of the teeth
  • Long-term follow-up care to monitor any changes and ensure the success of the surgery.

What to Ask Your Doctor

Here are some questions that a patient should ask their doctor about jaw surgery:

  1. What specific type of jaw surgery do I need and why?
  2. What are the potential risks and complications associated with this surgery?
  3. What is the expected recovery time and what can I expect during the recovery process?
  4. How will my bite and facial appearance be affected by the surgery?
  5. Will I need to have orthodontic treatment before or after the surgery?
  6. What are the potential long-term outcomes of the surgery?
  7. What are the alternatives to surgery and why is surgery recommended in my case?
  8. What type of anesthesia will be used during the surgery?
  9. How experienced are you in performing this type of surgery?
  10. Will I need to follow a special diet or make any lifestyle changes before or after the surgery?
  11. Will I need to take any medications before or after the surgery?
  12. How will the surgery impact my speech and ability to eat?
  13. Will I need to have any additional procedures or follow-up appointments after the surgery?
  14. How much pain or discomfort can I expect after the surgery and how will it be managed?
  15. Are there any specific instructions I need to follow before the surgery, such as fasting or stopping certain medications?
  16. Will I have any restrictions on physical activity after the surgery?
  17. How much experience does the surgical team have in performing this type of surgery?
  18. What are the success rates for this type of surgery and what factors can affect the outcome?
  19. How much will the surgery cost and will my insurance cover it?

Reference

Authors: Bendersky J, Uribe M, Bravo M, Vargas JP, Flores E, Aguero I, Villanueva J, Urrutia G, Bonfill X. Journal: J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2022 Oct;123(5):e285-e305. doi: 10.1016/j.jormas.2022.05.011. Epub 2022 May 11. PMID: 35568120