Our Summary

This article reviews recent studies on orthognathic surgery, a type of jaw surgery used to fix bite problems and sleep apnea, a condition where breathing stops and starts during sleep. Traditionally, orthodontic treatment like braces was done before surgery, but now there’s a growing trend to do surgery first. This approach reduces treatment time and improves patient’s life quality. Maxillomandibular advancement (MMA), a procedure that moves the upper and lower jaws forward, has proven effective in treating severe bite problems and persistent sleep apnea. Technological advancements, including 3D printing and virtual surgical planning, have improved the surgery process, making it more efficient for both the patient and surgeon.

FAQs

  1. What is orthognathic surgery and what conditions is it used to treat?
  2. What is the recent trend in the approach to orthognathic surgery and how does it benefit the patient?
  3. How has technology improved the process of orthognathic surgery?

Doctor’s Tip

One helpful tip a doctor might tell a patient about jaw surgery is to follow post-operative instructions carefully to ensure proper healing and minimize complications. This may include sticking to a soft diet, practicing good oral hygiene, avoiding strenuous activities, and attending follow-up appointments as scheduled. It is also important to communicate any concerns or changes in symptoms to your healthcare provider promptly. By following these guidelines, patients can optimize their recovery and achieve the best possible outcome from jaw surgery.

Suitable For

Patients who are typically recommended for jaw surgery include those with severe bite problems, sleep apnea that has not been effectively treated with other methods, facial asymmetry, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders, and difficulties with chewing, speaking, or swallowing. Candidates for surgery often have a combination of orthodontic and skeletal issues that can be best addressed through surgical intervention. It is important for patients to consult with a team of oral and maxillofacial surgeons, orthodontists, and other specialists to determine if jaw surgery is the best treatment option for their specific condition.

Timeline

Before jaw surgery:

  1. Patient consults with an orthodontist to discuss bite problems and potential treatment options.
  2. Orthodontic treatment may be recommended to align the teeth and prepare the jaws for surgery.
  3. Patient undergoes pre-surgical evaluations, including X-rays, dental impressions, and medical history assessments.
  4. Virtual surgical planning is conducted to create a customized treatment plan for the patient.
  5. Patient discusses the surgery process, risks, and expected outcomes with their surgeon.

After jaw surgery:

  1. Patient undergoes the surgical procedure, which may involve moving the upper and lower jaws forward to correct bite problems or sleep apnea.
  2. Patient is closely monitored in the hospital for a few days following surgery to ensure proper healing.
  3. Patient may experience swelling, bruising, and discomfort in the days and weeks following surgery.
  4. Patient follows a strict post-operative care plan, including dietary restrictions and oral hygiene practices.
  5. Patient attends follow-up appointments with their surgeon to monitor healing progress and make any necessary adjustments to their treatment plan.
  6. Patient may require orthodontic treatment post-surgery to further align the teeth and improve bite function.
  7. Patient experiences improved bite function, facial aesthetics, and potentially better quality of life following successful jaw surgery.

What to Ask Your Doctor

Some questions a patient should ask their doctor about jaw surgery include:

  1. What specific type of jaw surgery do I need and why?
  2. What are the potential risks and complications associated with the surgery?
  3. How long is the recovery process and what should I expect during this time?
  4. Will I need to wear braces or undergo orthodontic treatment before or after the surgery?
  5. How will the surgery improve my bite problems or sleep apnea symptoms?
  6. What is the success rate of this type of jaw surgery?
  7. Are there any alternative treatment options available for my condition?
  8. How many of these surgeries have you performed and what is your success rate?
  9. Can you walk me through the surgical process and explain any specific techniques or technologies that will be used?
  10. What kind of follow-up care will I need after the surgery and what is the long-term outlook for my condition?

Reference

Authors: Jandali D, Barrera JE. Journal: Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2020 Aug;28(4):246-250. doi: 10.1097/MOO.0000000000000638. PMID: 32618748