Our Summary

This research paper discusses facial feminization surgery (FFS), which is a series of procedures to make the face appear more feminine. This is often performed on transgender women. A particularly important part of FFS is jaw reduction surgery, which is usually done in combination with genioplasty (chin reshaping). The authors explain their own technique for jaw reduction, which involves removing a section of the jawbone from the angle of the jaw to the area around the mental nerve. This method creates a smoother transition from the back part of the jaw to the chin, while also maintaining the integrity of the inner part of the jawbone.

FAQs

  1. What is facial feminization surgery (FFS) and who typically undergoes this type of surgery?
  2. What is the role of jaw reduction surgery in facial feminization surgery?
  3. Can you explain the technique the authors use for jaw reduction surgery?

Doctor’s Tip

One helpful tip a doctor might tell a patient about jaw surgery is to follow post-operative instructions carefully to ensure proper healing and minimize complications. This may include avoiding certain foods that could irritate the surgical site, practicing good oral hygiene, and attending follow-up appointments with the surgeon. It is also important to communicate any concerns or changes in symptoms to the doctor promptly.

Suitable For

Patients who are typically recommended for jaw surgery include those with severe malocclusion (misalignment of the teeth), jaw deformities, congenital abnormalities, facial trauma, and sleep apnea. Additionally, patients who are seeking cosmetic improvement or facial feminization may also be recommended for jaw surgery. In the case of transgender women undergoing FFS, jaw surgery is often recommended to achieve a more feminine facial appearance by reducing the size and prominence of the jawbone.

It is important for patients considering jaw surgery to consult with a qualified and experienced oral and maxillofacial surgeon to determine if they are a suitable candidate for the procedure. The surgeon will assess the patient’s individual needs, goals, and overall health to determine the best course of treatment. Jaw surgery is a complex procedure that requires careful planning and consideration, so it is essential for patients to have a thorough understanding of the potential risks and benefits before undergoing surgery.

Timeline

Before jaw surgery:

  1. Consultation with a plastic surgeon or maxillofacial surgeon to discuss the goals of the surgery and determine if the patient is a suitable candidate for jaw surgery.
  2. Pre-operative assessments such as dental imaging, blood tests, and medical history review to ensure the patient is healthy enough for surgery.
  3. Planning and discussion of the surgical procedure, including potential risks and complications.
  4. Pre-operative instructions such as fasting before surgery and avoiding certain medications that may increase bleeding risk.
  5. Surgery day, where the patient will undergo general anesthesia and the surgeon will perform the jaw reduction surgery.

After jaw surgery:

  1. Recovery period in the hospital or surgical facility, where the patient will be monitored for any complications.
  2. Pain management and post-operative care instructions provided by the surgical team.
  3. Follow-up appointments with the surgeon to monitor healing and address any concerns.
  4. Swelling and bruising may be present for several weeks following surgery, gradually improving over time.
  5. Gradual return to normal activities and diet as advised by the surgeon.
  6. Long-term follow-up appointments to assess the results of the surgery and address any potential complications or issues.

Overall, the timeline of a patient’s experience before and after jaw surgery involves thorough preparation, the surgical procedure itself, and a period of recovery and follow-up care to ensure optimal outcomes.

What to Ask Your Doctor

  1. What are the potential risks and complications associated with jaw surgery?
  2. How long is the recovery process and what can I expect during the healing period?
  3. Will I need to follow a special diet or avoid certain activities after surgery?
  4. What type of anesthesia will be used during the procedure?
  5. How will jaw surgery affect my bite and ability to chew?
  6. Will I need to undergo any additional procedures or follow-up surgeries in the future?
  7. What are the expected outcomes of jaw surgery in terms of improving facial appearance and function?
  8. Are there any alternative treatment options available for achieving similar results?
  9. How experienced are you in performing jaw surgery and what is your success rate?
  10. Can you provide before and after photos of previous patients who have undergone similar jaw surgeries?

Reference

Authors: Lee HH, Singh M. Journal: Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2022 Aug;55(4):859-870. doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2022.04.006. Epub 2022 Jun 23. PMID: 35752492