Our Summary

This research paper looks at the effects of a preventative surgery on women who have a high risk of developing ovarian cancer due to a genetic mutation (BRCA1/2). The surgery, called a risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO), involves removing the ovaries and fallopian tubes. One side effect of this procedure is that it can cause early onset of menopause.

The study aimed to evaluate how this surgical procedure and the timing of menopause might affect symptoms associated with menopause, sexual functioning, and overall quality of life.

The researchers found no significant difference in overall quality of life between women who had the surgery and those who didn’t. However, they did find that women who had the surgery before experiencing natural menopause had more sexual complaints after the operation. On the other hand, these premenopausal women reported fewer symptoms related to changes in body temperature (vasomotor complaints), which are common in menopause, than women who were already postmenopausal at the time of surgery.

The researchers suggest that potential sexual side effects should be discussed with women—especially those premenopausal—considering this surgery. Despite some limitations in their study, such as relying on women’s self-reported histories and menstrual bleeding to determine menopausal status, the researchers believe the study’s long follow-up period, high response rate, and use of a control group strengthen their findings.

FAQs

  1. What is a risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) and why is it performed?
  2. How does a risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) potentially affect a woman’s sexual functioning and overall quality of life?
  3. What should be discussed with premenopausal women who are considering a risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO)?

Doctor’s Tip

One helpful tip a doctor might tell a patient about salpingo-oophorectomy is to discuss the potential impact on sexual functioning and menopausal symptoms. It is important for patients to be aware of these possible side effects and to address any concerns or questions they may have with their healthcare provider. Additionally, patients should be informed about the benefits and risks of the procedure, as well as alternative options, so they can make an informed decision about their treatment plan. Regular follow-up appointments with their healthcare provider can also help monitor any changes in symptoms and address any ongoing issues.

Suitable For

Overall, salpingo-oophorectomy is typically recommended for women who have a high risk of developing ovarian cancer due to genetic mutations, such as BRCA1/2. This includes women with a family history of ovarian cancer or those who have tested positive for these genetic mutations. Additionally, women who have already had breast cancer may also be recommended this surgery as a preventative measure, as these genetic mutations can increase the risk of developing both breast and ovarian cancer.

It is important for healthcare providers to thoroughly discuss the potential risks and benefits of salpingo-oophorectomy with their patients, taking into consideration their personal and family medical history, as well as their individual risk factors for developing ovarian cancer.

Ultimately, the decision to undergo salpingo-oophorectomy should be made in collaboration with a healthcare provider, taking into account the patient’s individual circumstances and preferences.

Timeline

Before salpingo-oophorectomy:

  1. Patient may undergo genetic testing to determine if they have a BRCA1/2 mutation.
  2. Patient may receive counseling on their risk of developing ovarian cancer and the option of undergoing RRSO.
  3. Patient may experience anxiety and fear related to the decision to undergo surgery.
  4. Patient may undergo pre-operative testing and preparation for surgery.

After salpingo-oophorectomy:

  1. Patient may experience post-operative pain and discomfort.
  2. Patient may experience early onset of menopause symptoms such as hot flashes, night sweats, and vaginal dryness.
  3. Patient may need hormone replacement therapy to manage menopausal symptoms.
  4. Patient may experience changes in sexual functioning, such as decreased libido and vaginal discomfort.
  5. Patient may need to attend follow-up appointments to monitor their health and discuss any concerns or complications related to the surgery.
  6. Patient may need to adjust to the physical and emotional changes associated with early menopause and the removal of their ovaries.

What to Ask Your Doctor

Some questions a patient should ask their doctor about salpingo-oophorectomy include:

  1. What are the risks and benefits of undergoing a risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy?
  2. How will the surgery affect my risk of developing ovarian cancer?
  3. What is the recovery process like after the surgery?
  4. How will the surgery impact my hormone levels and menopausal symptoms?
  5. Are there alternative treatments or strategies that can reduce my risk of ovarian cancer?
  6. How will the surgery impact my sexual functioning and overall quality of life?
  7. What are the potential long-term effects of undergoing this surgery?
  8. Are there any specific lifestyle changes or medications that I should consider after the surgery?
  9. How often will I need follow-up appointments or screenings after the surgery?
  10. Are there any support groups or resources available for women who have undergone a salpingo-oophorectomy?

Reference

Authors: Zilski N, Speiser D, Bartley J, Roehle R, Blohmer JU, Keilholz U, Goerling U. Journal: J Sex Med. 2023 Dec 22;21(1):33-39. doi: 10.1093/jsxmed/qdad143. PMID: 37973412