Our Summary

This research paper looks at the frequency of cancer in the spleen among cats. The study used medical records from four UK-based hospitals over a 17-year period. The findings showed that out of 62 cats that had their spleen removed, 81% were diagnosed with cancer in the spleen. The most common types of cancer were mast cell tumors and hemangiosarcoma. The study also found that cats with cancer in their spleen generally lived less than half as long as those with non-cancerous spleen problems. Furthermore, the study revealed that cats with cancer that had spread, or cats with low red blood cell counts, tended to have a worse outlook. The researchers concluded that if a cat has a swollen spleen and is bleeding internally, there is a high chance it has cancer. Also, if a cat is anemic and has signs of cancer spread at diagnosis, it’s likely to have a poor outcome.

FAQs

  1. What percentage of cats in the study were diagnosed with cancer in the spleen after a splenectomy?
  2. What types of cancer were most commonly found in the spleens of the cats studied?
  3. What factors were found to contribute to a worse outlook for cats with spleen cancer?

Doctor’s Tip

A helpful tip a doctor might tell a patient about splenectomy is to be aware of the potential risks and complications associated with the surgery, including the increased risk of infections due to a weakened immune system. It is important to follow post-operative care instructions, including taking any prescribed medications and attending follow-up appointments to monitor for any potential complications. Additionally, patients should be mindful of their overall health and wellbeing to support their recovery after splenectomy.

Suitable For

Patients who are typically recommended for splenectomy include those with:

  1. Cancer in the spleen, such as mast cell tumors or hemangiosarcoma
  2. Enlarged spleen causing pain or discomfort
  3. Ruptured spleen due to trauma or injury
  4. Autoimmune disorders affecting the spleen
  5. Blood disorders, such as hemolytic anemia
  6. Infections, such as abscesses or cysts in the spleen

It is important for patients to undergo a thorough evaluation by a healthcare provider to determine if splenectomy is the best course of treatment for their specific condition.

Timeline

Before splenectomy:

  1. The patient may experience symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, and feeling full quickly after eating.
  2. Diagnostic tests such as blood tests, imaging studies (ultrasound, CT scan), and possibly a biopsy are performed to determine the cause of the symptoms.
  3. If cancer is suspected in the spleen, a splenectomy may be recommended as a treatment option.

After splenectomy:

  1. The patient undergoes surgery to remove the spleen, which may be done laparoscopically or through an open incision.
  2. Recovery following the surgery includes pain management, monitoring for any complications, and gradually resuming normal activities.
  3. After the spleen is removed, the patient is at an increased risk for infections, particularly from encapsulated bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumoniae.
  4. The patient may need to receive vaccinations against certain infections and take antibiotics as a preventive measure.
  5. Long-term follow-up care includes monitoring for any signs of infection or other complications, as well as regular check-ups to ensure overall health and well-being.

What to Ask Your Doctor

  1. What are the reasons for considering a splenectomy?
  2. What are the potential risks and complications associated with a splenectomy?
  3. How will my life be affected after the spleen is removed?
  4. Are there alternative treatments to a splenectomy that I should consider?
  5. How long will the recovery process take?
  6. Will I need any special vaccinations or medications after the spleen is removed?
  7. What signs or symptoms should I watch for that may indicate a problem after the surgery?
  8. How often will I need to follow up with you after the procedure?
  9. Are there any long-term effects of living without a spleen that I should be aware of?
  10. Can you provide me with any resources or support groups for individuals who have undergone a splenectomy?

Reference

Authors: Rossanese M, Williams H, Puerta B, Scott P, Chanoit G, Guillén A. Journal: J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2023 Aug 15;261(11):1646-1652. doi: 10.2460/javma.23.05.0258. Print 2023 Nov 1. PMID: 37582488