Our Summary

This research study looks at how blood changes in patients after they have their spleen removed (splenectomy). The study compared patients with a disorder where the immune system destroys platelets (immune thrombocytopenia or ITP) to trauma patients. Medical records of patients who underwent splenectomy for both reasons from 2009 to 2019 were studied.

The study found that no matter the reason for the surgery, patients had an increase in blood hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit (proportion of blood volume that is red blood cells), and platelet levels after the operation. In ITP patients, the surgery also reduced inflammation and led to an increase in a type of white blood cell called basophils.

In simple terms, having your spleen removed can change your blood in certain ways, including increasing the number of red blood cells and platelets. For patients with ITP, the surgery can also reduce inflammation and increase certain types of white blood cells.

FAQs

  1. What changes occur in the blood after a splenectomy?
  2. How does a splenectomy affect patients with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP)?
  3. Does the reason for a splenectomy (ITP vs trauma) affect the changes in blood composition after surgery?

Doctor’s Tip

One helpful tip a doctor might tell a patient about splenectomy is to be aware of the potential changes in their blood levels post-surgery and to monitor their blood counts regularly. It is important to follow up with your healthcare provider for regular blood tests to ensure that your blood levels remain within a healthy range. Additionally, it is important to be vigilant for any signs of infection, as the spleen plays a role in fighting off certain types of bacteria. Patients who have had a splenectomy may be at an increased risk for certain infections, so it is important to seek medical attention promptly if you develop any signs of infection.

Suitable For

Patients who are typically recommended for splenectomy include those with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), where the immune system destroys platelets, as well as trauma patients who have experienced spleen injuries. In both cases, splenectomy may be recommended to improve blood parameters such as hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, platelet levels, and inflammation levels.

Timeline

Before splenectomy:

  1. Patient is diagnosed with a disorder such as immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) or experiences trauma that requires removal of the spleen.
  2. Patient undergoes pre-operative evaluations, tests, and consultations with medical professionals to determine the need for surgery and discuss potential risks and benefits.
  3. Surgery is scheduled and patient receives pre-operative instructions.

After splenectomy:

  1. Patient undergoes surgery to remove the spleen.
  2. In the immediate post-operative period, patient is monitored closely for any complications or side effects.
  3. In the days and weeks following surgery, patient experiences changes in blood parameters such as an increase in hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, and platelet levels.
  4. For ITP patients, there may also be a reduction in inflammation and an increase in basophils.
  5. Patient may require ongoing monitoring and follow-up care to manage any changes in blood parameters and overall health.

What to Ask Your Doctor

Some questions a patient should ask their doctor about splenectomy include:

  1. What are the potential risks and complications associated with splenectomy?
  2. How will my blood levels change after having my spleen removed?
  3. Will I need to take any medications or undergo any additional treatments after the surgery?
  4. How will the surgery impact my immune system and my body’s ability to fight infections?
  5. What lifestyle changes should I make after splenectomy to stay healthy?
  6. Will I need to receive any vaccinations or take antibiotics to prevent infections?
  7. How often will I need to follow up with you after the surgery?
  8. Are there any long-term effects or complications I should be aware of?
  9. What symptoms should I watch for that may indicate a problem after the surgery?
  10. Are there any specific dietary restrictions I should follow post-splenectomy?

Reference

Authors: Simsek A. Journal: Cir Cir. 2022;90(2):157-164. doi: 10.24875/CIRU.21000246. PMID: 35349562