Our Summary

This research paper delves into the role of the hormone ghrelin in weight loss and health improvement after metabolic or bariatric surgery (procedures that help with weight loss). Since its discovery in 1999, it’s been found that ghrelin levels change after these surgeries, which might explain why patients often see health improvements even before they start losing weight. The paper aims to review what we currently know about ghrelin, and how it is affected by weight loss surgery. It suggests that these changes in ghrelin may be key to the positive outcomes seen after surgery.

FAQs

  1. What is the hormone ghrelin and how does it relate to weight loss?
  2. How does bariatric surgery affect ghrelin levels in the body?
  3. Can changes in ghrelin levels explain the health improvements seen after weight loss surgery?

Doctor’s Tip

A helpful tip a doctor might give a patient about obesity surgery is to follow a healthy diet and exercise plan post-surgery to maximize weight loss and maintain long-term success. It’s also important to attend regular follow-up appointments with your healthcare team to monitor your progress and address any concerns that may arise. Additionally, making lifestyle changes, such as practicing mindful eating and staying hydrated, can help support your weight loss journey and overall health.

Suitable For

Typically, patients who are recommended for obesity surgery are those who have a body mass index (BMI) of 40 or higher, or a BMI of 35 or higher with obesity-related health conditions such as diabetes, high blood pressure, or sleep apnea. These surgeries are considered for individuals who have tried and failed to lose weight through diet and exercise alone. Additionally, patients must be committed to making lifestyle changes and following a post-surgery diet and exercise plan to ensure the best outcomes.

Timeline

Before obesity surgery:

  1. Patient consults with a healthcare provider to discuss weight loss options and determine if surgery is the best course of action.
  2. Patient undergoes a series of tests and evaluations to assess their overall health and suitability for surgery.
  3. Patient attends pre-operative appointments to discuss the procedure, risks, and post-operative care.
  4. Patient follows a pre-operative diet and exercise plan to prepare for surgery.

After obesity surgery:

  1. Patient undergoes the surgical procedure, which may include gastric bypass, gastric sleeve, or other weight loss surgeries.
  2. Patient stays in the hospital for a few days for monitoring and recovery.
  3. Patient follows a strict post-operative diet plan to allow the stomach to heal and adjust to the changes.
  4. Patient gradually starts incorporating physical activity into their daily routine.
  5. Patient attends regular follow-up appointments with their healthcare provider to monitor weight loss, health improvements, and address any concerns.
  6. Patient experiences weight loss, improved health markers, and increased energy levels over time.
  7. Patient may also experience changes in appetite, food preferences, and metabolism due to alterations in ghrelin levels.
  8. Patient continues to work with their healthcare team to maintain their weight loss and overall health in the long term.

What to Ask Your Doctor

  1. How will this surgery help me lose weight and improve my overall health?
  2. What are the potential risks and complications associated with this surgery?
  3. Will I need to make any lifestyle changes before or after the surgery?
  4. What kind of follow-up care will I need after the surgery?
  5. How long is the recovery process and when can I expect to see results?
  6. Will I need to take any medications or supplements after the surgery?
  7. How will my diet and eating habits need to change after the surgery?
  8. What kind of support or resources are available to help me through this process?
  9. Are there any long-term effects or considerations I should be aware of?
  10. How will this surgery affect my hormone levels, specifically ghrelin, and how might that impact my weight loss and health outcomes?

Reference

Authors: Tuero C, Valenti V, Rotellar F, Landecho MF, Cienfuegos JA, Frühbeck G. Journal: Obes Surg. 2020 Jul;30(7):2763-2780. doi: 10.1007/s11695-020-04601-5. PMID: 32323063