Our Summary

This research paper talks about how the intestine can change its size or function based on external or internal signals, a trait referred to as intestinal plasticity. The paper focuses on how the intestine adapts to changes in diet and nutritional status. It highlights that this adaptability helps the body to absorb food more effectively, but can also contribute to obesity when too much food is consumed. The researchers suggest that this intestinal plasticity could be a potential target for therapies to treat not just undernutrition, but obesity as well. The paper also looks at how the intestine adapts to two types of gut surgeries - one where a large part of the bowel is removed, causing intestinal failure, and the other being surgeries to treat obesity.

FAQs

  1. What is intestinal plasticity and why is it important?
  2. How does intestinal plasticity contribute to obesity?
  3. Can intestinal plasticity be targeted for therapies to treat undernutrition and obesity?

Doctor’s Tip

One helpful tip a doctor might tell a patient about intestinal resection is to follow a strict post-operative diet plan to help the intestine heal and function properly. This may include avoiding certain foods that may be difficult for the intestines to digest, eating smaller meals more frequently throughout the day, and staying hydrated. It is also important to follow any guidelines provided by the doctor for managing pain, preventing infection, and gradually reintroducing solid foods back into the diet. Additionally, regular follow-up appointments with the doctor are crucial to monitor progress and address any concerns or complications that may arise.

Suitable For

Patients who may be recommended intestinal resection include those with conditions such as:

  1. Intestinal blockages or obstructions
  2. Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis that does not respond to medication
  3. Diverticulitis with complications such as perforation or abscess
  4. Intestinal bleeding that cannot be controlled by other means
  5. Intestinal tumors or polyps that are causing symptoms or are cancerous

In some cases, intestinal resection may also be recommended for patients with severe obesity as a treatment for weight loss.

Timeline

Before intestinal resection:

  • Patient may experience symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, constipation, and weight loss.
  • Patient undergoes various tests such as blood tests, imaging studies, and endoscopic procedures to diagnose the underlying condition.
  • Patient may be prescribed medications to manage symptoms and improve their overall health.

During intestinal resection:

  • Patient undergoes surgery to remove a portion of the intestine that is diseased or damaged.
  • The surgeon may perform an open surgery or minimally invasive procedure such as laparoscopic surgery.
  • After the affected portion of the intestine is removed, the remaining healthy ends are joined together through a surgical technique called anastomosis.

After intestinal resection:

  • Patient is closely monitored in the hospital for complications such as infection, bleeding, or bowel obstruction.
  • Patient may experience changes in bowel habits, digestion, and absorption of nutrients after the surgery.
  • Patient may need to follow a special diet or take supplements to ensure proper nutrition.
  • Patient may undergo physical therapy to regain strength and mobility.
  • Patient may need to attend follow-up appointments with their healthcare provider to monitor their recovery and address any concerns.

What to Ask Your Doctor

  1. What is intestinal resection and why is it necessary in my case?
  2. What are the risks and potential complications of intestinal resection surgery?
  3. How will my digestive system function after the surgery?
  4. Will I need to make any dietary or lifestyle changes post-surgery?
  5. How long is the recovery period and what can I expect during this time?
  6. Are there any long-term effects or complications I should be aware of?
  7. Will I need any follow-up appointments or tests after the surgery?
  8. What are my options for managing any potential digestive issues or nutritional deficiencies post-surgery?
  9. How will the surgery impact my ability to absorb nutrients from food?
  10. Are there any alternative treatments or therapies that may be beneficial in conjunction with the surgery?

Reference

Authors: Le Gall M, Thenet S, Aguanno D, Jarry AC, Genser L, Ribeiro-Parenti L, Joly F, Ledoux S, Bado A, Le Beyec J. Journal: Nutr Rev. 2019 Mar 1;77(3):129-143. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuy064. PMID: 30517714