Our Summary

This study discusses the impact of nutrition and feeding practices on a disease called necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), which primarily affects premature infants. NEC is a dangerous condition that can damage or kill a baby’s intestinal tissue.

The researchers found that changing feeding patterns, such as delaying first feeds or slowly increasing feeds, did not prevent NEC. The only effective prevention strategy found so far is breastfeeding.

When NEC gets severe, surgery might be needed to remove damaged parts of the intestine. After surgery, the remaining parts of the intestine can adapt by growing longer and deeper to improve function.

The researchers also discuss the use of parenteral nutrition, which is a way of providing nutrients directly into the bloodstream when a patient can’t eat or absorb enough food through the intestine. This might be needed depending on how much and what part of the intestine is removed during surgery.

The study concludes by stressing the need for more research to understand the best feeding practices to prevent NEC, especially in very young and small infants. It also calls for more research to identify markers that can help doctors determine when it’s safe to start feeding a patient after they’ve been diagnosed with NEC.

FAQs

  1. What is necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and who does it primarily affect?
  2. What strategies have been found effective in preventing NEC?
  3. What is parenteral nutrition and when might it be needed in the treatment of NEC?

Doctor’s Tip

A doctor might advise a patient who has undergone intestinal resection to follow a diet that is high in fiber and low in processed foods to promote healthy digestion and prevent complications. They may also recommend gradually reintroducing solid foods and monitoring for any signs of digestive issues or discomfort. Additionally, staying hydrated and maintaining a healthy weight can help support overall intestinal health and function. Regular follow-up appointments with a healthcare provider are important to monitor healing and address any concerns.

Suitable For

Patients who are typically recommended intestinal resection include those with conditions such as:

  1. Inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis)
  2. Intestinal obstructions or blockages
  3. Intestinal tumors or cancer
  4. Intestinal injuries or trauma
  5. Severe cases of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in premature infants

It is important to consult with a healthcare provider to determine if intestinal resection is necessary and to discuss the risks and benefits associated with the procedure.

Timeline

  • Before intestinal resection: A patient may experience symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, or constipation. They may undergo various tests and imaging studies to diagnose the underlying condition that requires surgery. Once a decision is made to proceed with intestinal resection, the patient may undergo pre-operative preparations such as fasting and bowel preparation.

  • During intestinal resection: The patient undergoes surgery to remove the damaged or diseased part of the intestine. The procedure can vary in length and complexity depending on the specific condition being treated. After surgery, the patient is closely monitored in the recovery room before being transferred to a hospital room.

  • After intestinal resection: The patient may experience pain, discomfort, and fatigue in the immediate post-operative period. They will begin a gradual progression from a liquid diet to solid foods as tolerated. The healthcare team will monitor the patient for any signs of complications such as infection, bleeding, or bowel obstruction. The patient will also undergo rehabilitation to regain strength and mobility.

Overall, the patient’s recovery after intestinal resection is a gradual process that involves close monitoring, proper nutrition, and rehabilitation to ensure optimal outcomes.

What to Ask Your Doctor

  1. What is the reason for recommending an intestinal resection?
  2. What are the potential risks and complications associated with intestinal resection surgery?
  3. How will the surgery affect my digestive system and overall health?
  4. What is the expected recovery time after intestinal resection surgery?
  5. Will I need to make any dietary changes or follow a specific nutrition plan after the surgery?
  6. How will the surgery impact my ability to absorb nutrients from food?
  7. Will I need any additional treatments or therapies after the surgery, such as parenteral nutrition?
  8. Are there any long-term effects or complications I should be aware of after intestinal resection surgery?
  9. How often will I need follow-up appointments to monitor my progress and health status?
  10. Are there any specific warning signs or symptoms I should watch out for after the surgery that may indicate a complication?

Reference

Authors: Ou J, Courtney CM, Steinberger AE, Tecos ME, Warner BW. Journal: Nutrients. 2020 Feb 18;12(2):520. doi: 10.3390/nu12020520. PMID: 32085587