Our Summary

This study looked at the characteristics and outcomes of a birth defect known as intestinal atresia, where part of the intestine is not fully formed. The researchers examined medical records of patients treated for this condition at the Helsinki University Children’s hospital between 1947 and 2019.

They found that survival rates have greatly improved over time, from 34% in the period 1947-1977 to 93% in the period 1978-2019. They also found that early surgical complications have decreased and the rate of premature births has increased among patients with jejunoileal atresia (JIA), a type of intestinal atresia.

About half of the patients had other birth defects, mainly in the digestive system. Between 1978 and 2019, 21% of JIA patients, but no patients with colonic atresia, developed short bowel syndrome, a condition where the bowel is too short to absorb nutrients properly. This was linked to specific types of atresia and another birth defect called gastroschisis, but not to the extent of surgery or surgical complications. The study also found that shorter initial surgery on the bowel in JIA patients led to more surgeries due to blockage symptoms and longer need for nutrition through a vein.

The researchers concluded that survival rates for patients with intestinal atresia have greatly improved and are now high, despite the fact that these patients often are born prematurely and have other birth defects.

FAQs

  1. What is intestinal atresia and how was the study conducted to analyze its characteristics and outcomes?
  2. How have survival rates and surgical complications for intestinal atresia patients changed over time according to the study?
  3. What is the link between jejunoileal atresia, short bowel syndrome, and the extent of surgery or surgical complications?

Doctor’s Tip

A helpful tip a doctor might tell a patient about intestinal resection is to follow a strict post-operative diet and medication regimen to support healing and prevent complications. This may include avoiding certain foods that could irritate the intestines, taking prescribed medications as directed, and staying hydrated. It’s also important to attend follow-up appointments with your healthcare provider to monitor your progress and address any concerns.

Suitable For

Patients who are typically recommended for intestinal resection include those with intestinal atresia, particularly jejunoileal atresia, as well as patients with other birth defects in the digestive system. Patients who may develop short bowel syndrome, particularly those with specific types of atresia and gastroschisis, may also be recommended for intestinal resection. Additionally, patients who have undergone previous surgeries on the bowel and are experiencing blockage symptoms or require prolonged nutrition through a vein may also be candidates for intestinal resection.

Timeline

Before intestinal resection:

  • Patient may experience symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, or constipation
  • Imaging tests such as CT scans or MRIs may be performed to diagnose the issue
  • Patient may undergo non-surgical treatments such as medication or dietary changes
  • Surgery may be recommended if non-surgical treatments are not effective

After intestinal resection:

  • Patient undergoes surgery to remove the affected part of the intestine
  • Recovery period in the hospital where patient may be on a liquid diet and gradually transition to solid foods
  • Patient may experience changes in bowel habits or digestion after surgery
  • Follow-up appointments with healthcare providers to monitor recovery and adjust treatment as needed

Overall, the timeline for a patient before and after intestinal resection can vary depending on the individual’s specific condition and recovery process.

What to Ask Your Doctor

  1. What is intestinal resection and why is it necessary?

  2. What are the risks and potential complications associated with intestinal resection surgery?

  3. What is the expected recovery time and rehabilitation process after intestinal resection surgery?

  4. How will intestinal resection surgery affect my ability to digest food and absorb nutrients?

  5. Are there any long-term implications or lifestyle changes I should be aware of after intestinal resection surgery?

  6. Will I need to make any dietary or lifestyle changes following intestinal resection surgery?

  7. How often will I need follow-up appointments or monitoring after intestinal resection surgery?

  8. Are there any alternative treatments or procedures for my condition besides intestinal resection surgery?

  9. What is the success rate of intestinal resection surgery for my specific condition?

  10. Are there any support groups or resources available for patients who have undergone intestinal resection surgery?

Reference

Authors: Tahkola E, Luoto T, Pakarinen MP. Journal: J Pediatr Surg. 2024 Nov;59(11):161622. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2024.07.007. Epub 2024 Jul 14. PMID: 39097495