Our Summary

This research study was designed to understand how the remaining parts of the small intestine adapt after a major part of it is removed in young rats.

The researchers divided 40 young rats into four groups. In one group, they removed the last part of the small intestine (ileum) and observed how the remaining part (jejunum) adapted. In the second group, they removed the jejunum and observed the ileum. In the third group, they just performed a sham surgery, meaning they opened and closed the abdominal area without removing anything. The fourth group of rats were not operated on at all.

Three weeks after surgery, the rats in the first two groups weighed less than the rats in the sham and non-operated groups. The researchers also examined tissue samples from the rats and found that in the group where the ileum was removed, the jejunum showed changes in its structure. The villi (tiny finger-like projections that help absorb nutrients) were taller than in the other groups, and the depth of the crypts (small pockets in the intestine lining) was greater. Also, the muscle layer of the jejunum was thicker.

In addition, they studied certain genes in the intestinal cells. They found that the gene that promotes cell death (Bax) was less active in the group where the ileum was removed, while the gene that prevents cell death (Bcl-XL) was less active in the jejunum but more active in the colon of the group where the jejunum was removed.

In simple terms, all these findings suggest that the ileum is better at adapting after a major part of the intestine is removed, compared to the jejunum. This could be useful information for surgeons when they have to decide which part of the intestine to remove in certain medical conditions.

FAQs

  1. What was the purpose of the study on intestinal resection in rats?
  2. What were the results of the study on intestinal resection in rats comparing the remaining jejunum and ileum?
  3. What does the study conclude about the adaptive responses in the ileum and jejunum after extensive intestinal resection?

Doctor’s Tip

A doctor may advise a patient undergoing intestinal resection to maintain a healthy diet rich in fiber, stay hydrated, and follow any specific dietary recommendations provided by a dietitian. They may also recommend regular physical activity to promote overall health and support the adaptation processes of the remaining intestines. Additionally, the doctor may suggest regular follow-up appointments to monitor the patient’s progress and address any concerns or complications that may arise.

Suitable For

Patients who may be recommended for intestinal resection include those with conditions such as intestinal obstruction, Crohn’s disease, intestinal ischemia, intestinal perforation, and certain types of cancer. The decision to recommend intestinal resection is typically made by a surgeon after considering the patient’s specific condition and overall health.

Timeline

  • Before intestinal resection: The patient may experience symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, weight loss, and malnutrition. They may undergo imaging tests such as CT scans and endoscopy to diagnose the condition. A surgical consultation may be scheduled to discuss the option of intestinal resection.
  • Intestinal resection: The surgical procedure involves removing a portion of the intestine that is diseased or damaged. The remaining segments of the intestine are then connected back together.
  • After intestinal resection: The patient will undergo a period of recovery in the hospital, during which time they may receive intravenous fluids and pain medication. They will gradually transition to a liquid diet and then to solid foods. They will be monitored for any complications such as infection or bowel obstruction. Over time, the remaining intestine will adapt to the changes and the patient may experience improvements in their symptoms. Follow-up appointments with the surgeon and dietitian will be scheduled to monitor progress and make any necessary adjustments to the diet.

What to Ask Your Doctor

  1. What are the potential risks and complications associated with intestinal resection surgery?
  2. How much of the intestine will need to be removed and how will this affect my digestion and absorption of nutrients?
  3. How long is the recovery process expected to be and what can I do to promote healing and adaptation of the remaining intestine?
  4. Will I need to make any dietary or lifestyle changes following the surgery?
  5. How will my body adapt to the changes in my intestine over time?
  6. Are there any long-term effects or complications I should be aware of?
  7. Will I need to take any medication or supplements to support my digestive health after the surgery?
  8. How often will I need follow-up appointments to monitor my progress and adjust treatment as needed?
  9. Are there any specific warning signs or symptoms I should watch out for that may indicate a problem with the remaining intestine?
  10. Can you provide me with resources or information about support groups for individuals who have undergone intestinal resection surgery?

Reference

Authors: Mussolino AFJ, Tannuri ACA, Gonçalves JO, Serafini S, Tannuri U. Journal: J Invest Surg. 2022 Apr;35(4):793-800. doi: 10.1080/08941939.2021.1963355. Epub 2021 Sep 28. PMID: 34583613