Our Summary

This research paper is about creating a model to understand how surgeons think and respond during laparoscopic surgery (a minimally invasive surgery using a camera and small instruments). Based on previously published work and new observations of real-life surgeries, the researchers adapted an existing model known as the Wickens human information-processing model to better fit the specific needs of laparoscopic surgery.

The model now includes every aspect of perception during surgery, dynamic decision-making to account for changes due to each individual patient and surgeon, dual-task performance and non-technical skills like communication during surgery. It also considers how surgeons learn and remember their skills.

In simpler terms, this is like creating a map of a surgeon’s mind during surgery. This map takes into account not only what the surgeon knows, but also how they adapt to each patient, how they manage doing multiple things at once, how they communicate with their team, and how they learn and keep their skills sharp.

This updated model can help improve training programs for future surgeons, by highlighting what’s important for them to learn and practice. It can also pave the way for a similar model for robotic surgery.

FAQs

  1. What is the purpose of creating a model to understand how surgeons think and respond during laparoscopic surgery?
  2. How can this updated model of surgeons’ cognitive processes during laparoscopic surgery help in training future surgeons?
  3. Could this model be adapted for other types of surgeries, such as robotic surgery?

Doctor’s Tip

One tip a doctor might give to a patient undergoing colorectal surgery is to follow all pre-operative instructions carefully, such as fasting before the surgery and taking any prescribed medications as directed. It is also important to discuss any concerns or questions with your surgeon before the procedure, and to follow post-operative care instructions closely to ensure a smooth recovery. Additionally, maintaining a healthy diet and lifestyle can help improve healing and prevent complications after surgery.

Suitable For

Patients who are typically recommended colorectal surgery include those with conditions such as colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease (such as Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis), diverticulitis, rectal prolapse, and severe hemorrhoids. Additionally, patients with benign colorectal conditions that have not responded to other treatments may also be recommended for surgery. The decision to recommend surgery is typically made by a colorectal surgeon after considering the patient’s overall health, the severity of their condition, and the potential benefits and risks of surgery.

Timeline

Before colorectal surgery, a patient typically undergoes a series of pre-operative appointments and tests to assess their overall health and determine the best course of action for the surgery. This may include consultations with the surgeon, blood work, imaging scans, and possibly a colonoscopy. The patient may also be instructed to follow a specific diet or take certain medications in preparation for the surgery.

During the surgery, the patient is under general anesthesia and the surgeon performs the procedure to remove part of the colon or rectum. This may be done using traditional open surgery or minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery. The surgery itself can take several hours, depending on the complexity of the case.

After the surgery, the patient is closely monitored in the recovery room before being transferred to a hospital room. They may experience pain, discomfort, and fatigue as they recover from the surgery. The medical team will provide pain management, monitor for any complications, and help the patient start moving and eating again.

In the following days and weeks, the patient will gradually resume normal activities and follow up with their surgeon for post-operative appointments. They may need to make dietary changes, take medications, and attend physical therapy to aid in their recovery. It can take several weeks to months for the patient to fully recover and regain their strength and function.

What to Ask Your Doctor

Some questions a patient should ask their doctor about colorectal surgery may include:

  • What are the potential risks and complications associated with this surgery?
  • What is the recovery process like and how long will it take?
  • Will I need a temporary colostomy or ileostomy after the surgery?
  • How many colorectal surgeries have you performed, and what is your success rate?
  • What are the alternative treatment options to surgery for my condition?
  • Will I need any additional tests or procedures before the surgery?
  • How long will I need to stay in the hospital after the surgery?
  • What kind of post-operative care will I need, and how can I manage pain and discomfort?
  • What dietary and lifestyle changes should I make after the surgery to promote healing?
  • Are there any long-term effects or considerations I should be aware of after the surgery?

Reference

Authors: White EJ, McMahon M, Walsh MT, Coffey JC, O Sullivan L. Journal: J Surg Educ. 2018 May-Jun;75(3):749-757. doi: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2017.09.010. Epub 2017 Oct 3. PMID: 28986274