Our Summary

This research paper discusses a method developed by researchers to minimize the chances of Surgical Site Infections (SSIs) following colon and rectal surgeries. SSIs are infections that occur after surgery, specifically at the site of the surgery. These types of infections can cause a lot of problems, both in terms of cost and patient suffering, and are especially common in colon and rectal surgeries.

The researchers created a bundle of interventions or steps to prevent SSIs. This included using special sutures or stitches coated with a substance called triclosan, preparing the skin with a 2% chlorhexidine solution, and using warmed carbon dioxide during surgeries that are performed with a laparoscope (a type of minimally invasive surgery).

The researchers then compared the rate of SSIs in patients who had these interventions to those who did not. They found that the interventions significantly reduced the rate of SSIs: before the interventions were introduced, the rate of SSIs was 27.4%, but after the interventions were introduced, the rate dropped to 12.5%.

However, the interventions did not affect the time patients spent in the hospital after surgery, which remained at an average of six days. The researchers suggest that these interventions should be adopted as standard practice in colon and rectal surgeries to help prevent SSIs. They also plan to try these interventions in emergency surgeries.

FAQs

  1. What are Surgical Site Infections (SSIs) and why are they especially common in colon and rectal surgeries?
  2. What interventions did the researchers develop to minimize the chances of SSIs in patients undergoing colon and rectal surgeries?
  3. Did the interventions developed by the researchers have any effect on the duration of hospital stay post-surgery?

Doctor’s Tip

A helpful tip a doctor might give to a patient undergoing colorectal surgery is to follow all pre-operative instructions carefully, including fasting before surgery and taking any prescribed medications as directed. It is also important to discuss any concerns or questions with your healthcare provider before the procedure. After surgery, it is crucial to follow post-operative instructions, such as taking prescribed medications, eating a healthy diet, and avoiding strenuous activities until cleared by your doctor. Additionally, maintaining good hygiene and keeping the surgical site clean and dry can help prevent infections. If you experience any unusual symptoms or signs of infection, such as increased pain, redness, swelling, or discharge at the surgical site, it is important to contact your healthcare provider immediately.

Suitable For

Patients who are typically recommended for colorectal surgery include those with conditions such as colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease (such as Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis), diverticulitis, and colorectal polyps. These surgeries are usually recommended when other treatments have not been successful or when there is a risk of complications if the condition is not treated surgically.

Patients who are experiencing symptoms such as rectal bleeding, changes in bowel habits, abdominal pain, or unexplained weight loss may also be recommended for colorectal surgery to investigate and treat the underlying cause of these symptoms.

Additionally, patients who have a family history of colorectal cancer or other colorectal conditions may be recommended for colorectal surgery as a preventive measure to reduce their risk of developing these conditions in the future.

Overall, the decision to recommend colorectal surgery for a patient is based on a variety of factors, including the specific condition being treated, the severity of symptoms, the patient’s overall health and medical history, and the potential benefits and risks of the surgery. It is important for patients to discuss their options with their healthcare provider to determine the best course of treatment for their individual situation.

Timeline

Before colorectal surgery:

  • Patient meets with surgeon to discuss the procedure and any potential risks or complications
  • Patient may undergo pre-operative tests and screenings
  • Patient may need to follow a special diet or bowel preparation regimen
  • Patient may need to stop taking certain medications before surgery
  • Patient undergoes surgery and is placed under anesthesia
  • Surgery is performed to remove part of the colon or rectum
  • Patient is monitored in the recovery room before being transferred to a hospital room
  • Patient may experience pain, discomfort, and fatigue in the immediate post-operative period
  • Patient is monitored for complications such as infection, bleeding, or bowel obstruction

After colorectal surgery:

  • Patient remains in the hospital for a few days to a week for monitoring and recovery
  • Patient may need to slowly resume eating and drinking
  • Patient may need to gradually increase physical activity and mobility
  • Patient may need to take pain medication and antibiotics
  • Patient may need to follow-up with the surgeon for post-operative appointments
  • Patient may experience changes in bowel habits or temporary incontinence
  • Patient may need to make dietary and lifestyle changes to support healing and prevent complications
  • Patient may need to undergo additional treatments such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy if the surgery was for cancer
  • Patient gradually returns to normal activities and work

Overall, the timeline for a patient before and after colorectal surgery can vary depending on the individual’s health, the type of surgery performed, and any complications that may arise. It is important for patients to closely follow their surgeon’s instructions and attend all follow-up appointments to ensure a successful recovery.

What to Ask Your Doctor

  1. What is the purpose of the special sutures coated with triclosan in preventing SSIs?
  2. How does preparing the skin with a 2% chlorhexidine solution help prevent SSIs?
  3. How does using warmed carbon dioxide during laparoscopic surgeries help prevent SSIs?
  4. What are the risks and benefits of these interventions in preventing SSIs?
  5. Are there any alternative methods for preventing SSIs in colon and rectal surgeries?
  6. How long will it take for me to recover from the surgery if these interventions are used?
  7. What is the success rate of these interventions in preventing SSIs in other patients?
  8. Are there any specific post-operative care instructions I should follow to reduce the risk of SSIs?
  9. How will I be monitored for any signs of SSIs after the surgery?
  10. What should I do if I suspect I may have developed an SSI after the surgery?

Reference

Authors: Dixon LK, Biggs S, Messenger D, Shabbir J. Journal: J Hosp Infect. 2022 Apr;122:162-167. doi: 10.1016/j.jhin.2022.01.023. Epub 2022 Feb 10. PMID: 35151765