Our Summary

This research paper studied the outcomes of colorectal surgery (surgery on the colon and rectum) in patients with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD). The study found that patients with ADRD are more likely to have poor outcomes after surgery, including a higher risk of death and post-surgery complications. These patients also require more healthcare resources after surgery, such as a longer hospital stay and a higher level of care. The study used data from Medicare claims made between January 1, 2017, and October 1, 2018, involving over 123,000 patients, of which around 8.3% had a preoperative diagnosis of ADRD. The researchers concluded that having ADRD is a risk factor for adverse outcomes after colorectal surgery.

FAQs

  1. What were the main findings of the research on outcomes of colorectal surgery in patients with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias?
  2. What additional healthcare resources do patients with ADRD require after colorectal surgery?
  3. What data was used in the study to assess the outcomes of colorectal surgery in patients with ADRD?

Doctor’s Tip

A helpful tip a doctor might tell a patient about colorectal surgery is to ensure they have a strong support system in place to help with recovery, especially if they have Alzheimer’s disease or related dementias. It is important for patients with ADRD to have caregivers who can assist with post-operative care, medication management, and monitoring for any complications. Additionally, patients should follow all post-operative instructions carefully, including taking prescribed medications, attending follow-up appointments, and slowly reintroducing activities as recommended by their healthcare team. By having a solid support system and following medical advice, patients can improve their chances of a successful recovery after colorectal surgery.

Suitable For

Patients who are typically recommended colorectal surgery are those with conditions such as colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, diverticulitis, and other colorectal disorders that cannot be managed with non-surgical treatments. These patients may experience symptoms such as rectal bleeding, persistent diarrhea, abdominal pain, and changes in bowel habits. Additionally, patients who have failed to respond to conservative treatments such as medication, dietary changes, and lifestyle modifications may also be recommended for colorectal surgery.

Timeline

Before colorectal surgery:

  1. Patient is diagnosed with colorectal issues that require surgery.
  2. Patient undergoes preoperative evaluations, including blood tests, imaging studies, and consultations with healthcare providers.
  3. Patient may need to follow a special diet or take medications to prepare for surgery.
  4. Patient receives preoperative education on what to expect during and after surgery.

After colorectal surgery:

  1. Patient undergoes the surgical procedure to address the colorectal issue.
  2. Patient is monitored closely in the postoperative period for any complications or adverse reactions.
  3. Patient may experience pain, discomfort, and changes in bowel habits after surgery.
  4. Patient gradually resumes normal activities and follows a specific recovery plan outlined by healthcare providers.
  5. Patient may require follow-up appointments, physical therapy, or other interventions to aid in recovery.
  6. Patient may experience improvements in their colorectal health and quality of life following successful surgery.

What to Ask Your Doctor

  1. What is the purpose of the surgery and what are the potential benefits?
  2. What are the potential risks and complications associated with the surgery?
  3. What is the expected recovery time and what can I expect during the recovery process?
  4. Are there any alternative treatment options available?
  5. How many colorectal surgeries have you performed and what is your success rate?
  6. What is the expected outcome for someone with my specific condition undergoing this surgery?
  7. Will I need any additional tests or consultations before the surgery?
  8. What type of anesthesia will be used during the surgery and what are the potential side effects?
  9. Will I need to make any lifestyle changes or follow a specific diet after the surgery?
  10. How long will I need to stay in the hospital after the surgery and what level of care will I require during my recovery?

Reference

Authors: Clark CJ, Adler R, Xiang L, Shah SK, Cooper Z, Kim DH, Lin KJ, Hsu J, Lipsitz S, Weissman JS. Journal: J Surg Res. 2025 Jan;305:1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2024.10.029. Epub 2024 Nov 29. PMID: 39615160