Our Summary

This research paper discusses the lack of standardization in the terms used to describe issues with vocal fold movement. This lack of clear, consistent language can lead to miscommunication and difficulty interpreting research. The authors propose a standardized set of terms for describing these issues. They provide detailed definitions for terms like vocal fold immobility and hypomobility, as well as criteria to use when determining if these conditions are present. They also outline when to use terms like vocal fold paralysis or paresis, and when to describe the issue as being linked to mechanical issues in the joint nearby or to cancer in the larynx. These new definitions and guidelines represent the first-ever standardized system for naming and describing vocal fold motion issues.

FAQs

  1. Why is there a need for standardization in terms used to describe issues with vocal fold movement?
  2. What are some of the standardized terms proposed by the authors to describe vocal fold motion issues?
  3. How can these standardized definitions and guidelines help in diagnosing conditions related to vocal fold movement?

Doctor’s Tip

One helpful tip a doctor might tell a patient about vocal cord surgery is to follow all post-operative care instructions carefully. This may include recommendations for voice rest, avoiding certain foods or activities that could irritate the vocal cords, and attending follow-up appointments with the surgeon or speech therapist. Adhering to these instructions can help promote healing and optimize the outcome of the surgery.

Suitable For

Patients who are typically recommended vocal cord surgery include those with:

  1. Vocal fold immobility or hypomobility: This includes conditions such as vocal fold paralysis or paresis, which can result in difficulty speaking, breathing, or swallowing.

  2. Vocal fold nodules, polyps, or cysts: These benign growths on the vocal cords can cause hoarseness, breathiness, or changes in vocal quality.

  3. Vocal fold lesions: These may include vocal fold hemorrhage, sulcus vocalis, or scar tissue, which can impact vocal function.

  4. Vocal fold cancer: Patients with laryngeal cancer may require surgery to remove the tumor and preserve vocal function.

  5. Vocal fold injuries: Trauma to the vocal cords, such as from intubation during surgery or a sports-related injury, may require surgical intervention.

Overall, patients who experience persistent voice changes, difficulty breathing or swallowing, or other vocal cord issues that do not improve with conservative treatments may be candidates for vocal cord surgery. It is important for patients to consult with a laryngologist or otolaryngologist to determine the most appropriate treatment plan for their specific condition.

Timeline

  • Before surgery:
  1. Patient experiences symptoms such as hoarseness, vocal fatigue, voice breaks, or difficulty speaking.
  2. Patient undergoes a thorough evaluation by an otolaryngologist, including a physical examination, laryngoscopy, and possibly imaging tests.
  3. Diagnosis is made, and treatment options are discussed, which may include vocal exercises, speech therapy, or surgical intervention.
  4. Patient undergoes pre-operative preparations, which may include blood tests, imaging studies, and consultations with other healthcare providers.
  • After surgery:
  1. Patient undergoes vocal cord surgery, which may involve procedures such as vocal cord injection, vocal cord medialization, or vocal cord reinnervation.
  2. Patient is monitored closely post-operatively for complications such as bleeding, infection, or changes in voice quality.
  3. Patient undergoes post-operative rehabilitation, which may include voice therapy to optimize vocal function and prevent complications.
  4. Patient follows up with their healthcare provider regularly for monitoring and adjustments to treatment as needed.

What to Ask Your Doctor

  1. What specific type of vocal cord surgery do you recommend for my condition?
  2. What are the potential risks and complications associated with this surgery?
  3. What is the expected recovery time after the surgery?
  4. Will I need to undergo any additional therapy or treatment after the surgery?
  5. How will this surgery affect my voice and vocal abilities?
  6. Are there any alternative treatments or procedures that I should consider?
  7. What is the success rate of this surgery for patients with similar conditions to mine?
  8. How many times have you performed this surgery, and what is your success rate?
  9. What post-operative care instructions should I follow to ensure a successful recovery?
  10. Are there any lifestyle changes or adjustments I should make after the surgery to protect my vocal cords?

Reference

Authors: Rosen CA, Mau T, Remacle M, Hess M, Eckel HE, Young VN, Hantzakos A, Yung KC, Dikkers FG. Journal: Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2016 Aug;273(8):1995-9. doi: 10.1007/s00405-015-3663-0. Epub 2015 Jun 3. PMID: 26036851