Our Summary

This research paper examines the link between tonsillectomies (surgical removal of tonsils) and the risk of developing certain types of cancer, specifically tonsil, oropharyngeal (part of the throat), and other head and neck cancers. The study was conducted in Sweden and involved over 225,000 people who had undergone tonsillectomies between 1970 and 2009. The researchers found that having a tonsillectomy significantly reduced the risk of developing tonsil cancer, but there was no such association with other types of head and neck cancers. Despite a reduction in the number of tonsillectomies performed in Sweden during the study period, the incidence of tonsil cancer increased, suggesting that the rise in such cancers is likely due to increased exposure to the human papillomavirus (HPV), not a decline in tonsillectomies.

FAQs

  1. What was the main focus of the study on tonsillectomies in Sweden?
  2. How does a tonsillectomy impact the risk of developing tonsil cancer and other head and neck cancers?
  3. What is suggested by the rise in tonsil cancer despite a reduction in the number of tonsillectomies performed?

Doctor’s Tip

One helpful tip a doctor might tell a patient about tonsillectomy is to make sure to follow post-operative care instructions carefully, including taking prescribed pain medication, staying hydrated, and avoiding strenuous activities. It’s also important to eat soft, cold foods to help reduce pain and swelling in the throat. If any complications arise, such as excessive bleeding or signs of infection, it’s crucial to contact your healthcare provider immediately. Additionally, it’s important to attend follow-up appointments to ensure proper healing and to address any concerns or questions you may have.

Suitable For

Patients who are typically recommended for a tonsillectomy include those who have recurrent or severe tonsillitis, which can cause difficulty breathing, swallowing, or sleeping. Tonsillectomies may also be recommended for patients with enlarged tonsils that are causing obstructive sleep apnea or other breathing problems. Additionally, patients with recurrent or persistent infections of the tonsils, such as strep throat, may be candidates for a tonsillectomy. Ultimately, the decision to undergo a tonsillectomy is based on the individual patient’s symptoms and medical history, and should be made in consultation with a healthcare provider.

Timeline

Before tonsillectomy:

  • Patient experiences frequent sore throats, difficulty swallowing, or breathing due to enlarged or infected tonsils
  • Patient may undergo diagnostic tests such as a physical examination, throat swab, or imaging studies to determine the need for surgery
  • Patient may be prescribed antibiotics or other medications to alleviate symptoms and prevent further infections
  • Patient meets with an ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialist to discuss the risks and benefits of the surgery and to plan for the procedure

After tonsillectomy:

  • Patient undergoes the surgical procedure to remove the tonsils, which is usually performed under general anesthesia
  • Patient may experience pain, swelling, and difficulty eating or drinking in the days following the surgery
  • Patient may be prescribed pain medications, antibiotics, and instructed on how to care for the surgical site
  • Patient may need to take time off from work or school to recover, with most people returning to normal activities within 1-2 weeks
  • Patient may have follow-up appointments with their ENT specialist to monitor healing and address any complications or concerns

Overall, a tonsillectomy can provide relief from chronic tonsillitis or other symptoms associated with enlarged or infected tonsils, but it is important for patients to understand the potential risks and benefits of the surgery before proceeding.

What to Ask Your Doctor

  1. What are the potential risks and complications associated with a tonsillectomy procedure?

  2. How long is the recovery period after a tonsillectomy, and what can I expect in terms of pain and discomfort?

  3. Will removing my tonsils affect my immune system or overall health in any way?

  4. Are there any alternative treatments or therapies that may be effective for my condition without the need for surgery?

  5. How long do I need to wait before I can resume normal activities, such as work, exercise, and eating certain foods?

  6. Will I need any follow-up appointments or care after the tonsillectomy procedure?

  7. Are there any specific lifestyle changes or precautions I should take after the surgery to promote healing and prevent complications?

  8. How will the removal of my tonsils affect my risk of developing certain types of cancer, such as tonsil or oropharyngeal cancer?

  9. Are there any signs or symptoms I should watch out for after the tonsillectomy that may indicate a potential complication or infection?

  10. What is the success rate of tonsillectomy procedures for treating my specific condition, and what is the likelihood of the condition recurring in the future?

Reference

Authors: Chaturvedi AK, Song H, Rosenberg PS, Ramqvist T, Anderson WF, Munck-Wikland E, Ye W, Dalianis T. Journal: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2016 Jun;25(6):944-50. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-15-0907. Epub 2016 Mar 14. PMID: 26976856