Our Summary

This research paper talks about the most common type of fungal sinus infection, called Allergic Fungal Sinusitis (AFS). It’s caused by an allergic reaction to certain types of fungi present in the soil, which we breathe in. This causes inflammation in the sinuses, and the debris from these fungi can build up in the sinus cavities.

This build-up can cause a range of problems, from nasal polyps and facial pain, to changes in the structure of the face, and even damage to the eyes and brain. It can also lead to thick mucus and a drippy nose, and it can affect your sense of smell.

AFS is most commonly found in young people who also suffer from chronic allergies and asthma. The best way to treat it is by carrying out a type of surgery called endoscopic sinus surgery, which removes the disease and opens up the sinus cavities. In addition to surgery, immunotherapy can also help by reducing the inflammation and preventing the condition from coming back.

FAQs

  1. What is Allergic Fungal Sinusitis (AFS) and what are its symptoms?
  2. What is the primary treatment for AFS and nasal polyps caused by it?
  3. How does adjuvant immunotherapy help in the treatment of AFS?

Doctor’s Tip

One helpful tip a doctor might tell a patient about nasal polyp removal is to follow post-operative care instructions carefully. This may include using saline nasal sprays or rinses to keep the nasal passages clean, avoiding activities that could irritate the nasal passages, and attending follow-up appointments to monitor healing and prevent complications. It is also important to take any prescribed medications as directed and to discuss any concerns or questions with your healthcare provider.

Suitable For

Patients who are typically recommended nasal polyp removal are those with allergic fungal sinusitis (AFS) who have not responded to other treatments such as medications. These patients may experience symptoms such as nasal polyps, facial pain and pressure, thick nasal mucus, postnasal drip, and a reduced sense of smell. Additionally, patients with AFS who also have chronic symptoms of allergic rhinitis and asthma may be candidates for nasal polyp removal. Surgery to remove the disease and open the sinus cavities is often the main treatment approach for these patients, with adjuvant immunotherapy being helpful in reducing inflammation and preventing future recurrence.

Timeline

Before nasal polyp removal:

  • Patient may experience symptoms such as nasal congestion, facial pain and pressure, thick nasal mucus, postnasal drip, and a decreased sense of smell.
  • Patient may have already been diagnosed with allergic fungal sinusitis (AFS) and have tried other treatments such as medications without success.
  • Patient may have undergone imaging tests such as CT scans to confirm the presence of nasal polyps and assess the extent of the disease.
  • Patient may have consulted with an otolaryngologist (ENT specialist) to discuss the option of endoscopic sinus surgery to remove the nasal polyps and improve symptoms.

After nasal polyp removal:

  • Patient undergoes endoscopic sinus surgery to remove the nasal polyps and open the sinus cavities.
  • Patient may experience some discomfort, swelling, and congestion in the days following surgery.
  • Patient may need to follow post-operative care instructions such as using nasal saline rinses, taking prescribed medications, and avoiding activities that could irritate the nasal passages.
  • Patient may gradually experience improvement in symptoms such as reduced nasal congestion, improved sense of smell, and decreased facial pain and pressure.
  • Patient may need to follow up with their ENT specialist for further evaluation and management of their condition, including possible adjuvant immunotherapy to prevent future recurrence of nasal polyps and AFS.

What to Ask Your Doctor

  1. What are the potential risks and complications of nasal polyp removal surgery?

  2. How long is the recovery time after nasal polyp removal surgery?

  3. Will I need to take any medications before or after the surgery?

  4. How successful is nasal polyp removal surgery in treating allergic fungal sinusitis?

  5. Will I need any follow-up appointments or additional treatments after the surgery?

  6. Are there any lifestyle changes or precautions I should take to prevent the recurrence of nasal polyps?

  7. How long do the effects of nasal polyp removal surgery typically last?

  8. What symptoms should I watch out for after the surgery that may indicate a complication?

  9. How can I manage any pain or discomfort after the surgery?

  10. Are there any alternative treatments or therapies for nasal polyps that I should consider?

Reference

Authors: Mancuso RF. Journal: Pediatr Ann. 2021 Jul;50(7):e297-e303. doi: 10.3928/19382359-20210706-01. Epub 2021 Jul 1. PMID: 34264802