Our Summary

The research paper discusses the occurrence and treatment of rectal cancer (CR) in Ukraine, which affects 38 out of every 100,000 people. Two primary surgical treatments for precancerous conditions and early stage CR are radical rectal resection (removing part or all of the rectum) and local transanal excision (removing the affected area through the anus). A new method, transanal minimally invasive surgery with a single port (TAMIS), has been developed following the introduction of laparoscopic surgery (a type of minimally invasive surgery). This method was used in the clinic to treat three patients with adenomatous rectal polyps (non-cancerous growths in the rectum that can turn into cancer). The procedure involved the removal of the rectal tumor using a videoendoscope (a device with a camera at the end) inserted through the anus. The initial use of TAMIS showed it to be effective, cost-effective, and with a low risk of complications. The use of this new procedure is contributing to better treatment outcomes for rectal tumors.

FAQs

  1. What is the incidence rate of cancer recti in Ukraine?
  2. What are the two main methods for surgical treatment of precancerous states and early stage CR?
  3. What is the TAMIS procedure and how effective is it in treating rectal tumors?

Doctor’s Tip

A helpful tip a doctor might tell a patient about proctectomy is to follow all pre-operative instructions carefully, including any dietary restrictions or medication adjustments. It is also important to discuss any concerns or questions with your healthcare team before the procedure. After surgery, following post-operative care instructions, such as wound care and activity restrictions, will help promote a smooth recovery. Additionally, attending follow-up appointments and seeking support from healthcare professionals or support groups can aid in the healing process.

Suitable For

Patients who may be recommended for proctectomy include those with:

  • Cancer recti (CR)
  • Precancerous states or early stage CR
  • Adenomatous rectal polyps
  • Villous rectal tumors

It is important for patients to discuss their individual case with their healthcare provider to determine if proctectomy is the most appropriate treatment option for them.

Timeline

Before proctectomy:

  • Patient is diagnosed with rectal cancer or precancerous conditions through imaging tests and biopsies
  • Patient undergoes preoperative testing such as blood work, imaging studies, and possibly a colonoscopy
  • Patient may undergo neoadjuvant therapy such as radiation or chemotherapy to shrink the tumor before surgery

After proctectomy:

  • Patient undergoes surgery to remove the affected part of the rectum
  • Recovery time in the hospital can vary depending on the type of surgery performed
  • Patient may experience temporary side effects such as pain, fatigue, and changes in bowel habits
  • Patient will have regular follow-up appointments with their healthcare team to monitor recovery and address any complications
  • Patient may need additional treatments such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy after surgery to prevent cancer recurrence.

What to Ask Your Doctor

  1. What is the reason for recommending a proctectomy in my case?
  2. What are the potential risks and complications associated with a proctectomy?
  3. What is the expected recovery time after a proctectomy?
  4. Will I need any additional treatment or follow-up care after the surgery?
  5. How will a proctectomy affect my bowel function and quality of life?
  6. Are there any alternative treatments or procedures that could be considered instead of a proctectomy?
  7. How experienced are you in performing proctectomies, and what is your success rate?
  8. Will I need to make any lifestyle changes or modifications to my diet after the surgery?
  9. What is the long-term outlook for someone who undergoes a proctectomy?
  10. Are there any support groups or resources available for patients who have undergone a proctectomy?

Reference

Authors: Usenko OY, Тyvonchu OS, Bayura MI. Journal: Klin Khir. 2016 Oct;(10):5-8. PMID: 30479103