Our Summary

This study looked at the outcomes and complications after a type of chest surgery (median sternotomy) in cats. The research team reviewed the medical records of cats who underwent this surgery at six different hospitals between 2010 and 2020. They collected information about the cats’ background, symptoms, surgery details, outcomes, and any complications.

Out of the 36 cats included in the study, 26 survived and were discharged from the hospital, which is a survival rate of 81%. Three cats had a full sternotomy, where the entire breastbone is cut, and 23 had a partial sternotomy, where only a part of the breastbone is cut.

In all cases, the breastbone was closed with sutures (stitches). Only two cats (7.7%) experienced complications related to the closure of the breastbone, one had a mild, slightly displaced fracture and the other had a severe complication where the breastbone came apart and needed additional surgery.

No cats experienced other common complications such as fluid buildup at the surgical site, infection, or the surgical wound coming apart. The most common reason for the surgery was to remove a mass in the chest, with the most common type of mass being a thymoma (a tumor in the thymus gland).

The researchers concluded that this type of chest surgery in cats has a low risk of complications related to closing the surgical site, and that complications in cats are different from those typically seen in dogs.

FAQs

  1. What was the survival rate of cats who underwent a median sternotomy surgery according to the study?
  2. What were the most common complications experienced by the cats after the surgery?
  3. What was the most common reason for cats to undergo this type of chest surgery?

Doctor’s Tip

A helpful tip a doctor might tell a patient about sternotomy is to follow post-operative care instructions carefully to minimize the risk of complications. This may include keeping the surgical site clean, avoiding strenuous activities, and attending follow-up appointments as scheduled. It is also important to monitor for any signs of infection or discomfort and to contact the doctor if any concerns arise.

Suitable For

Patients who are typically recommended sternotomy are those with chest masses, tumors, or other conditions that require access to the chest cavity for surgical intervention. In this study, cats with thymomas were the most common type of patients undergoing sternotomy. The study also found that sternotomy in cats has a low risk of complications related to closing the surgical site, making it a viable option for certain patients in need of chest surgery.

Timeline

  • Before sternotomy: The patient would undergo a thorough evaluation by the veterinary team, including physical examination, blood tests, imaging studies (such as X-rays or ultrasounds), and possibly a biopsy to determine the need for surgery. The patient would be prepared for surgery, which may include fasting and preoperative medications.

  • During sternotomy: The patient would be placed under general anesthesia, and the surgical team would make an incision in the chest wall to access the chest cavity. In the case of a sternotomy, the breastbone (sternum) would be cut to provide access to the heart, lungs, or other structures in the chest. The surgical team would perform the necessary procedure, such as removing a mass or repairing a heart defect.

  • After sternotomy: The patient would be monitored closely in the recovery area for signs of complications, such as bleeding, infection, or difficulty breathing. Pain management and wound care would be provided as needed. The patient would typically stay in the hospital for a period of time for observation and postoperative care before being discharged home.

  • Follow-up care: The patient would need regular follow-up appointments with the veterinary team to monitor healing, check for signs of complications, and adjust medications as needed. Depending on the underlying condition, additional treatments or therapies may be recommended to support the patient’s recovery and long-term health.

What to Ask Your Doctor

  1. What are the potential risks and complications associated with sternotomy in cats?
  2. How long is the recovery period following sternotomy surgery?
  3. What post-operative care will be required for my cat after sternotomy surgery?
  4. Will my cat need any medications or special diet after sternotomy surgery?
  5. How likely is it for my cat to experience complications related to the closure of the breastbone?
  6. Are there any specific signs or symptoms I should watch for that may indicate a complication after sternotomy surgery?
  7. What is the success rate of sternotomy surgery in cats for the specific condition my cat has?
  8. How experienced are you in performing sternotomy surgery in cats?
  9. Are there any alternative treatment options to sternotomy surgery for my cat’s condition?
  10. Can you provide me with information about the long-term prognosis for my cat after sternotomy surgery?

Reference

Authors: Hennet J, Pilot MA, Anderson DM, Rossanese M, Chrysopoulos A, de la Puerta B, Mullins RA, Chanoit G. Journal: J Feline Med Surg. 2022 Jun;24(6):e109-e115. doi: 10.1177/1098612X221089701. Epub 2022 Apr 26. PMID: 35471089