Our Summary

This paper is a response to articles about the use of robots in heart and chest surgeries. The authors stress that successful robotic surgery depends on good preparation and communication from everyone in the operating room. Without this teamwork, the robotic program could fail and potentially harm patient care and safety. The authors also note that the first robot-assisted heart valve surgery in North America was done at NYU Langone Health using a robot called the Zeus surgical system. Even though this robot had some issues that stopped it from being used more widely, the authors believe it’s important to remember this history as we look to increase the use of robots in heart surgery.

FAQs

  1. What factors contribute to the success of robotic surgery according to the authors?
  2. What was the first robot-assisted heart valve surgery in North America and where was it performed?
  3. Why do the authors believe it’s important to remember the history of robotic surgery, despite some issues with the first systems?

Doctor’s Tip

A helpful tip a doctor might tell a patient about cardiac surgery is to follow post-operative instructions carefully, including taking prescribed medications, attending follow-up appointments, and participating in cardiac rehabilitation. It is also important to maintain a healthy lifestyle, including regular exercise and a balanced diet, to promote healing and prevent future heart issues. Additionally, it is important to communicate openly with your healthcare team about any concerns or symptoms you may be experiencing.

Suitable For

Patients who are typically recommended for cardiac surgery are those with serious heart conditions that cannot be effectively treated with medication or other less invasive procedures. These conditions may include:

  • Coronary artery disease: Patients with severe blockages in the coronary arteries, which supply blood to the heart muscle, may require bypass surgery to improve blood flow to the heart.

  • Valvular heart disease: Patients with damaged or diseased heart valves may need valve repair or replacement surgery to restore proper function.

  • Cardiomyopathy: Patients with weakened or enlarged heart muscles may require surgery to improve heart function and prevent further complications.

  • Congenital heart defects: Patients born with structural abnormalities in the heart may need surgical correction to improve heart function and overall health.

  • Aortic aneurysm: Patients with an enlarged or weakened aorta may require surgery to repair or replace the affected portion of the blood vessel.

Overall, patients recommended for cardiac surgery are those who would benefit from a surgical intervention to improve their heart function, reduce symptoms, and prevent further complications. It is important for patients to discuss their treatment options with their healthcare provider to determine the best course of action for their individual needs.

Timeline

Before cardiac surgery:

  1. Patient is diagnosed with a heart condition or disease that requires surgical intervention.
  2. Patient undergoes preoperative testing and evaluation to assess their overall health and readiness for surgery.
  3. Patient meets with their surgical team to discuss the procedure, risks, and expected outcomes.
  4. Patient may need to make lifestyle changes and take medications to prepare for surgery.
  5. Patient is admitted to the hospital on the day of surgery and undergoes preoperative preparations, such as fasting and receiving medications.

After cardiac surgery:

  1. Patient is taken to the operating room and undergoes the robotic-assisted heart surgery.
  2. Patient is closely monitored in the recovery room and may need to stay in the intensive care unit for a period of time.
  3. Patient receives pain management and is gradually weaned off of mechanical ventilation.
  4. Patient begins physical therapy and rehabilitation to regain strength and mobility.
  5. Patient is discharged from the hospital and continues to follow up with their surgical team for postoperative care and monitoring.
  6. Patient may need to make further lifestyle changes, take medications, and attend cardiac rehabilitation to promote healing and prevent future complications.

What to Ask Your Doctor

  1. What specific type of cardiac surgery do I need and why is it necessary?
  2. What are the potential risks and complications associated with this surgery?
  3. How many times have you performed this type of surgery and what is your success rate?
  4. Are there any alternative treatment options to consider before proceeding with surgery?
  5. What is the recovery process like and how long will it take for me to fully recover?
  6. Will I need any follow-up appointments or ongoing care after the surgery?
  7. What type of anesthesia will be used during the surgery and are there any potential side effects?
  8. What are the qualifications and experience of the surgical team that will be performing the procedure?
  9. Are there any lifestyle changes or medications I will need to take after the surgery?
  10. What can I do to prepare for the surgery and improve my chances of a successful outcome?

Reference

Authors: Grossi EA, Chen S, Loulmet DF. Journal: Innovations (Phila). 2020 Sep/Oct;15(5):423-424. doi: 10.1177/1556984520946936. PMID: 33108936