Our Summary

This research paper discusses the decline in cardiac surgery in Saudi Arabia due to advancements in less invasive heart procedures and the increasing risk of surgical methods. The study involved a survey sent to cardiac surgeons and cardiologists in Saudi Arabia. Out of 200 emails sent, 55 doctors responded to the survey. Most of these doctors believe that the number of patients undergoing heart surgery for issues with the heart’s arteries and valves is decreasing. They also think that while surgery for coronary heart disease is more effective than less invasive methods, it is also riskier. Most respondents believe that having one large cardiac center in each city, rather than smaller units, would improve heart health services. To improve the future of heart surgery, 83% of the doctors in the survey believe that surgical trainees should have an extra year of training in less invasive procedures. This would help create a new type of surgeon who is skilled in both surgical and less invasive procedures.

FAQs

  1. Why is there a decline in cardiac surgery in Saudi Arabia?
  2. What did the doctors in the survey suggest to improve heart health services in Saudi Arabia?
  3. What do the doctors recommend to improve the future of heart surgery in Saudi Arabia?

Doctor’s Tip

One helpful tip a doctor might tell a patient about cardiac surgery is to follow post-operative care instructions carefully to ensure a successful recovery. This may include taking prescribed medications, attending follow-up appointments, engaging in recommended physical therapy or cardiac rehabilitation programs, and making healthy lifestyle choices such as eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, and avoiding smoking. By following these recommendations, patients can help optimize their outcomes and reduce the risk of complications after surgery.

Suitable For

Patients who are typically recommended cardiac surgery include those with severe coronary artery disease, heart valve disease, congenital heart defects, and certain types of heart failure. These patients may have symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, and palpitations. They may also have a history of heart attacks, heart rhythm disorders, or other cardiac conditions that have not responded well to medication or less invasive treatments. Cardiac surgery is often recommended when these patients have a high risk of complications or death without surgical intervention, and when the potential benefits of surgery outweigh the risks.

Timeline

Before cardiac surgery:

  • Patient experiences symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, and dizziness
  • Patient undergoes diagnostic tests such as ECG, echocardiogram, and angiogram to determine the extent of the heart disease
  • Patient consults with a cardiologist and a cardiac surgeon to discuss treatment options
  • Patient may undergo lifestyle changes, medication therapy, or less invasive procedures before considering surgery

After cardiac surgery:

  • Patient undergoes pre-operative preparation including blood tests, imaging scans, and consultations with the surgical team
  • Patient undergoes the surgical procedure, which may include coronary artery bypass grafting, valve replacement, or other interventions
  • Patient is closely monitored in the intensive care unit immediately following surgery
  • Patient undergoes a recovery period in the hospital, with physical therapy and monitoring of vital signs
  • Patient is discharged from the hospital and continues recovery at home, with follow-up appointments with the surgical team and cardiologist
  • Patient may undergo cardiac rehabilitation to improve heart health and overall well-being

Overall, the timeline of a patient before and after cardiac surgery involves a thorough evaluation of the heart condition, consultation with healthcare providers, surgical intervention, and post-operative care to ensure optimal recovery and long-term heart health.

What to Ask Your Doctor

  1. What are the potential risks and benefits of the cardiac surgery procedure recommended for me?

  2. How many times have you performed this specific type of cardiac surgery, and what is your success rate?

  3. What is the expected recovery time and rehabilitation process after the surgery?

  4. Are there any alternative treatment options to consider before proceeding with surgery?

  5. Will I need to make any lifestyle changes or take medication after the surgery?

  6. What are the long-term outcomes and potential complications associated with this type of cardiac surgery?

  7. How will my condition be monitored and managed after the surgery?

  8. What is the expected cost of the surgery and are there any financial assistance options available?

  9. What are the credentials and experience of the surgical team that will be performing the procedure?

  10. Are there any specific pre-operative preparations or tests that I need to undergo before the surgery?

Reference

Authors: Al-Ebrahim EK, Madani TA, Al-Ebrahim KE. Journal: J Card Surg. 2022 Jan;37(1):88-92. doi: 10.1111/jocs.16061. Epub 2021 Oct 7. PMID: 34618985